<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1267-1271</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-452</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риски для здоровья, связанные с режимами использования и уровнем излучения мобильных телефонов, у современных младших школьников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risks for health associated with use modes and radiation level of cell phones in modern younger schoolchildren</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-1855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вятлева</surname><given-names>Ольга Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyatleva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории комплексных проблем гигиены детей и подростков НИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России, 119991, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: olgavyat@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., , DSci., leading researcher of the laboratory of complex problems of hygiene of children and adolescents of the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health of Children and Adolescents «National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: olgavyat@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgavyat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-586X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курганский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurgansky</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» МЗ РФ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Hygiene and Health of Children and Adolescents «National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1267</fpage><lpage>1271</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vyatleva O.A., Kurgansky A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/452">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/452</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Широкий охват современных школьников мобильными телефонами (МТ), повышенная уязвимость детей к радиочастотному излучению, отсутствие возрастных нормативов безопасного использования МТ определили цель исследования: выявить параметры излучения и использования МТ, сопряжённые с рисками для здоровья младших школьников.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В одномоментном исследовании 80 младших школьников (2017–2018 гг. обучения) без неврологических осложнений в анамнезе (средний возраст 8,57 ± 0,75 года) с помощью измерения плотности потока энергии (ППЭ) МТ, анкетирования и расчёта рисков определили уровни излучения и режимы ежедневного использования МТ (количество разговоров (КР), длительность разговора (ДР), общая длительность разговоров (ОДР)), связанные с рисками клинически значимых жалоб на здоровье (головокружения, простудные заболевания 4 и более в год, а также частые (несколько раз в неделю) жалобы на головные боли, нарушения сна, усталость, тревогу, сниженное настроение, ослабление внимания и памяти).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что риск головокружений (в том числе частых) возрастает при использовании детьми МТ с максимальной ППЭ ≥ 100 мкВт/см2 (OR 4,44; 95% CI 1,15–9,27), а также при повышении ОДР с 6,25 до ≥ 12 мин в день (OR 8,55; 95% CI 1,74–7,11). При увеличении КР с 1–2 до 3–5 в день возрастает риск частых тревожных состояний (OR 7,86; 95% CI 1,26–31,8). Дети, использующие МТ с кнопочной клавиатурой, подвержены риску частого (несколько раз в неделю) снижения настроения (OR 5,42; 95% CI 1,47–6,1) в сравнении с владельцами смартфонов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование «кнопочных» МТ, МТ с ППЭ ≥ 100 мкВт/см2, ОДР ≥ 6,25 мин, КР &gt; 1–2 несёт риски для здоровья детей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The wide coverage of modern schoolchildren with cell phones (CP), the increased vulnerability of children to radiofrequency radiation, the lack of age standards for safe CP use determined the aim of the study: to identify CP radiation levels and use modes, associated with the health risks in modern schoolchildren.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. In a cross-sectional study of 80 modern schoolchildren (8.57 ± 0.75 y.o; 2017-2018 education years) without neurological complications in history by measuring CP power flux density (PFD), questioning and risks calculating, there were determined the radiation levels and daily modes of СT use (calls number - CN, duration of call - CD, and calls total duration - CTD), which are associated with the risks of clinically significant health deviations (dizziness, 4 or more colds per year, and frequent (several times a week) headaches, sleep disturbances, fatigue, anxiety, low mood, poor attention, and memory).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The risk of dizziness increases when children use CP with a maximal PFD ≥100 µW/cm² (OR = 4.44; 95% CI: 1.15-9.27), or if CTD increases from 6.25 to ≥12 minutes (OR= 8.55; 95% CI 1.74-7.11). Increasing CN from 1-2 to 3-5 causes the risk of frequent anxiety (OR 7.86; 95% CI 1.26-31.8). Using the «push-button» CPs in comparison with smartphones is associated with the frequent low mood (OR= 5.42; 95% CI: 1.47–6.10). </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of «push-button» CР, CР with PFD ≥ 100 µW/cm², CTD ≥ 6.25 minutes, CN &gt; 1-2 cause risks for children’s health</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>мобильные телефоны</kwd><kwd>плотность потока энергии</kwd><kwd>риски здоровью</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>cell phones</kwd><kwd>power flux density</kwd><kwd>health risks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kheifets L., Repacholy M., Saunders R., Deventer E.V. The sensitivity of children to electromagnetic fields. Pediatrics. 2005; 116 (2): 303-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kheifets L., Repacholy M., Saunders R., Deventer E.V. The sensitivity of children to electromagnetic fields. Pediatrics. 2005; 116 (2): 303–13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martens L. Electromagnetic safety of children using wireless phones: a literature review. Bioelectromagnetics. 2005; 7: 133-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martens L. Electromagnetic safety of children using wireless phones: a literature review. Bioelectromagnetics. 2005; 7: 133–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Григорьев Ю.Г., Хорсева Н.И. Мобильная связь и здоровье детей: оценка опасности применения мобильной связи детьми и подростками: рекомендации детям и родителям. М.: Экономика; 2014. 230 с</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigoryev Yu.G., Khorseva N.I. Mobile communication and children’s health: assessment of the dangers of using mobile communication by children and adolescents: recommendations to children and parents. Moscow: Economics; 2014. 230 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas S., Heinrich S., von Kries R., Radon K. Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioral problems in Bavarian children and adolescents. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010; 25 (2): 135-41</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas S., Heinrich S., von Kries R., Radon K. Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioral problems in Bavarian children and adolescents. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010; 25 (2): 135–41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Текшева Л.М., Барсукова Н.К., Чумичева О.А., Хатит З.Х. Гигиенические аспекты использования сотовой связи в школьном возрасте. Гигиена и санитария. 2014; 93 (2): 60-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teksheva L.M., Barsukova N.K., Chumicheva O.A., Khatit. Z.Kh. Hygienic aspects of cellular communication in school age. Gigiyena i sanitariya [Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian Journal]. 2014; 93 (2): 60–5. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М. Мобильные телефоны и здоровье детей 6-10 лет: значение временных режимов и интенсивность излучения. Здоровье населения и среда обитания. 2017; 8 (293): 27-30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vyatleva O.A., Kurgansky A.M. Mobile phones and health of children 6–10 years: importance of time modes and the radiation intensity. Zdorov’ye naseleniya i sreda obitaniya [Public Health and Habitat]. 2017; 8 (293): 27–30. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antilla P., Metsahoncala L., Sillanpaa M. Long-term trends in the incidence of headache in Finish school children. Pediatrics. 2006; 117 (6): 1196-201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antilla P., Metsahoncala L., Sillanpaa M. Long-term trends in the incidence of headache in Finish school children. Pediatrics. 2006; 117 (6): 1196–201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiu C.T., Chang Y.H., Chen C.C., Ko M.C., Li C. Y. Mobile phone use and health symptoms in children. J Formos Med Assoc. 2015; 114: 598-604.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiu C.T., Chang Y.H., Chen C.C., Ko M.C., Li C. Y. Mobile phone use and health symptoms in children. J Formos Med Assoc. 2015; 114: 598–604.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durusoy R., Hassoy H., Özkurt A., Karababa A.O. Mobile phone use, school electromagnetic field levels and related symptoms: a cross-sectional survey among 2150 high school students in Izmir. Environ Health. 2017; 16: 51.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Durusoy R., Hassoy H., Özkurt A., Karababa A.O. Mobile phone use, school electromagnetic field levels and related symptoms: a cross-sectional survey among 2150 high school students in Izmir. Environ Health. 2017; 16: 51.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferdous J. Mobile phone usage and awareness of health hazards among the adolescents in Silhet city. Imp J Interdiscip Res. 2017; 3 (11): 325-30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferdous J. Mobile phone usage and awareness of health hazards among the adolescents in Silhet city. Imp J Interdiscip Res. 2017; 3 (11): 325–30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Golmohammadi R., Kamalinia M., Abedi K., Karimi S., Eshaghi M. An investigation on commercial cell phones radiation and self-report symptoms of users. Journal of Ergonomics. 2014; 2 (1): 1-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golmohammadi R., Kamalinia M., Abedi K., Karimi S., Eshaghi M. An investigation on commercial cell phones radiation and self-report symptoms of users. Journal of Ergonomics. 2014; 2 (1): 1–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mortazavi S.M.J., Atefi M., Kholghi F. The Pattern of Mobile Phone Use and Prevalence of Self-Reported Symptoms in Elementary and Junior High School Students in Shiraz, Iran. Iran J Med Sci. 2011; 36 (2): 96-103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mortazavi S.M.J., Atefi M., Kholghi F. The Pattern of Mobile Phone Use and Prevalence of Self-Reported Symptoms in Elementary and Junior High School Students in Shiraz, Iran. Iran J Med Sci. 2011; 36 (2): 96–103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Redmayne M., Smith E., Abramson M.J. The relationship between adolescents’ well-being and their wireless phone use: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health. 2013; 12: 90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Redmayne M., Smith E., Abramson M.J. The relationship between adolescents’ well-being and their wireless phone use: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health. 2013; 12: 90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schoeni A., Roser K., Röösli M. Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Adolescents in Relation to Mobile Phone Use during Night. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10 (7): e0133528.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schoeni A., Roser K., Röösli M. Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Adolescents in Relation to Mobile Phone Use during Night. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10 (7): e0133528.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Söderqvist F., Carlberg M., Hardell L. Use of wireless telephones and self-reported health symptoms: a population-based study among Swedish adolescents aged 15-19 years. Environ Health. 2008; 7: 18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Söderqvist F., Carlberg M., Hardell L. Use of wireless telephones and self-reported health symptoms: a population-based study among Swedish adolescents aged 15–19 years. Environ Health. 2008; 7: 18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sudan M., Kheifets L., Arach O., Olsen J., Zeltzer L. Prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposures and headaches in children. Open Pediatr Med J. 2012; 6: 46-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sudan M., Kheifets L., Arach O., Olsen J., Zeltzer L. Prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposures and headaches in children. Open Pediatr Med J. 2012; 6: 46–52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas S., Kühnlein A., Heinrich S., Praml G., von Kries R., Radon K. Exposure to mobile telecommunication networks assessed using personal dosimetry and well-being in children and adolescents: the German MobilEe-study. Environ Health. 2008; 7: 54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas S., Kühnlein A., Heinrich S., Praml G., von Kries R., Radon K. Exposure to mobile telecommunication networks assessed using personal dosimetry and well-being in children and adolescents: the German MobilEe-study. Environ Health. 2008; 7: 54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Su H., Xie W., Yu S. Mobile Phone Use and The Risk of Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Studies. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 12595. [Electronic resource] Access mode: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-12802-9 (date of access: 19.02.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Su H., Xie W., Yu S. Mobile Phone Use and The Risk of Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Studies. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 12595. [Electronic resource] Access mode: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-12802-9 (date of access: 19.02.2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng F., Gao P., He M., Li M., Tan J., Chen D. et al. Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. BMJ Open. 2015; 5: e007302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng F., Gao P., He M., Li M., Tan J., Chen D. et al. Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. BMJ Open. 2015; 5: e007302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oshima N., Nishida A., Shimodera S., Tochigi M., Ando S., Yamasaki S. et al. The Suicidal Feelings, Self-Injury, and Mobile Phone Use After Lights Out in Adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol. 2012; 37 (9): 1023-30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oshima N., Nishida A., Shimodera S., Tochigi M., Ando S., Yamasaki S. et al. The Suicidal Feelings, Self-Injury, and Mobile Phone Use After Lights Out in Adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol. 2012; 37 (9): 1023–30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ikeda K., Nakamura K. Association between mobile phone use and depressed mood in Japanese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med. 2014; 19 (3): 187-93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ikeda K., Nakamura K. Association between mobile phone use and depressed mood in Japanese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med. 2014; 19 (3): 187–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van den Bulck J. Adolescent use of mobile phones for calling and for sending text messages after lights out: result from a prospective cohort study with a one-year follow up. Sleep. 2007; 30 (9): 1220-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van den Bulck J. Adolescent use of mobile phones for calling and for sending text messages after lights out: result from a prospective cohort study with a one-year follow up. Sleep. 2007; 30 (9): 1220–3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abramson M., Benke G., Dimitriadis C., Inyang I.O., Sim M.R., Wolf R.S. Mobile telephone use is associated with change in cognitive function in young adolescents. Bioelecromagnetics. 2009; 30 (8): 678-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abramson M., Benke G., Dimitriadis C., Inyang I.O., Sim M.R., Wolf R.S. Mobile telephone use is associated with change in cognitive function in young adolescents. Bioelecromagnetics. 2009; 30 (8): 678–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhatt C.R., Benke G., Smith C.L., Redmayne M., Dimitriadis C., Dalecki A. et al. Use of mobile and cordless phones and change in cognitive function: a prospective cohort analysis of Australian primary school children. Environ Health. 2017; 16 (1): 62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhatt C.R., Benke G., Smith C.L., Redmayne M., Dimitriadis C., Dalecki A. et al. Use of mobile and cordless phones and change in cognitive function: a prospective cohort analysis of Australian primary school children. Environ Health. 2017; 16 (1): 62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guxens M., Vermeulen R., van Eijsden M., Beekhuizen J., Vrijkotte T.G., van Strien R.T. et al. Outdoor and indoor sources of residential radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, personal cell phone and cordless phone use, and cognitive function in 5-6 years old children. Environ Res. 2016; 150: 364-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guxens M., Vermeulen R., van Eijsden M., Beekhuizen J., Vrijkotte T.G., van Strien R.T. et al. Outdoor and indoor sources of residential radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, personal cell phone and cordless phone use, and cognitive function in 5–6 years old children. Environ Res. 2016; 150: 364–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Redmayne M., Smith C.L., Benke G., Croft R.J., Dalecki A., Dimitriadis C. et al. Use mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health. 2016; 15 (1): 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Redmayne M., Smith C.L., Benke G., Croft R.J., Dalecki A., Dimitriadis C. et al. Use mobile and cordless phones and cognition in Australian primary school children: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health. 2016; 15 (1): 26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foerster M., Thielens A., Joseph W., Eeftens M., Röösli M. Prospective Cohort Study of Adolescents’ Memory Performance and Individual Brain Dose of Microwave Radiation from Wireless Communication. Environ Health Perspect. 2018; 126 (7): 077007-1-077007-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foerster M., Thielens A., Joseph W., Eeftens M., Röösli M. Prospective Cohort Study of Adolescents’ Memory Performance and Individual Brain Dose of Microwave Radiation from Wireless Communication. Environ Health Perspect. 2018; 126 (7): 077007-1–077007-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roser K., Schoeni A., Röösli M. Mobile phone use, behavioral problems and concentration capacity in adolescents: A prospective study. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016; 219 (8): 759-69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roser K., Schoeni A., Röösli M. Mobile phone use, behavioral problems and concentration capacity in adolescents: A prospective study. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2016; 219 (8): 759–69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М. Гигиеническая оценка пользования мобильной связью младшими школьниками и её влияние на самочувствие детей. Здоровье населения и среда обитания. 2018; 8 (305): 51-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vyatleva O.A., Kurgansky A.M. Features of using of mobile communication (intensity of radiation, temporary modes) and their influence on the health of modern younger schoolchildren. Zdorov’ye naseleniya i sreda obitaniya [Public Health and Life Environment]. 2018; 8 (305): 51–4. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гигиенические требования по размещению и эксплуатации средств сухопутной подвижной радиосвязи» (СанПиН 2.1.8/2.2.4.1190-03).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hygienic requirements for the deployment and operation of land mobile radio communications (SanPiN 2.1.8 / 2.2.4.1190-03).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медицинская статистика [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: http://medstatistic.ru (дата обращения 19.02.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medical statistics [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://medstatistic.ru (date of access: 19.02.2019). (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вятлева О.А., Текшева Л.М., Курганский А.М. Физиолого-гигиеническая оценка влияния мобильных телефонов различной интенсивности излучения на функциональное состояние головного мозга детей и подростков методом энцефалографии. Гигиена и санитария. 2016; 95 (10): 965-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vyatleva O.A., Teksheva L.M., Kurgansky A.M. Physiological and hygienic assessment by encephalography of the impact of mobile phones with different radiation intensity on the functional state of brain of children and adolescents. Gigiyena i sanitariya [Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian Journal]. 2016; 95 (10): 965–8. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вятлева О.А., Курганский А.М. Уровень излучения мобильных телефонов, используемых современными школьниками, и его влияние на биоэлектрическую активность мозга и вегетативную регуляцию сердечного ритма детей. В кн.: Сборник материалов Международного форума Научного совета Российской Федерации по экологии человека и гигиене окружающей среды «Экологические проблемы современности: выявление и предупреждение неблагоприятного воздействия антропогенно детерминированных факторов и климатических изменений на окружающую среду и здоровье населения». Москва; 2017: 93-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vyatleva O.A., Kurgansky A.M. The level of radiation of mobile phones used by modern schoolchildren, and its influence on bioelectric activity of the brain and vegetative regulation of the heart rhythm of children. In: Proceedings of International Forum of the Scientific Council of the Russian Federation on Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene “Ecological Problems of the Present: Identifying and Preventing the Adverse Impact of Anthropogenically Deterministic Factors and Climatic Changes on the Environment and Public Health” [Sbornik materialov Mezhdunarodnogo foruma Nauchnogo soveta Rossiyskoy Federatsii po ekologii cheloveka i gigiyene okruzhayushchey sredy “Ekologicheskiye problemy sovremennosti: vyyavleniye i preduprezhdeniye neblagopriyatnogo vozdeystviya antropogenno determinirovannykh faktorov i klimaticheskikh izmeneniy na okruzhayushchuyu sredu i zdorov’ye naseleniya”]. Moscow; 2017: 93–4. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
