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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-1-45-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">elzqod</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние обструктивного апноэ сна на нарушение слуха: одномоментное исследование у рабочих, подверженных воздействию шума</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of obstructive Sleep Apnea on hearing impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study among Noise-Exposed Worker</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-5841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабир-Мокамелкхех</surname><given-names>Элахех</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabir-Mokamelkhah</surname><given-names>Elaheh</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент, Исследовательский центр медицины труда, Отдел медицины труда, Факультет медицины, Иранский университет медицинских наук, 1449614535, Тегеран, Иран</p><p>e-mail: kabir.e@iums.ac.ir</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associated professor, Occupational Medicine Research Center, Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran</p><p>e-mail: kabir.e@iums.ac.ir</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kabir.e@iums.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4329-1541</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агхилинеджад</surname><given-names>Масхаллах</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aghilinejad</surname><given-names>Mashallah</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Профессор, Исследовательский центр медицины труда, Отдел медицины труда, Факультет медицины, Иранский университет медицинских наук, 1449614535, Тегеран, Иран</p><p>e-mail: iranomrc@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Occupational Medicine Research Center, Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran</p><p>e-mail: iranomrc@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iranomrc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2087-8729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омид</surname><given-names>Асгхари</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omid</surname><given-names>Asghari</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Специалист по охране труда, Исследовательский центр медицины труда, Отдел медицины труда, Факультет медицины, Иранский университет медицинских наук, 1449614535, Тегеран, Иран</p><p>e-mail: dr_asghariomid@yahoo.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Occupational Medicine Specialist, Occupational Medicine Research Center, Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran</p><p>e-mail: dr_asghariomid@yahoo.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_asghariomid@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5037-3898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амини</surname><given-names>Марджан</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amini</surname><given-names>Marjan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Специалист по охране труда, Исследовательский центр медицины труда, Отдел медицины труда, Факультет медицины, Иранский университет медицинских наук, 1449614535, Тегеран, Иран</p><p>e-mail: ma.amimi45@yahoo.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, MD, Occupational Medicine specialist, Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran</p><p>e-mail: ma.amimi45@yahoo.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ma.amimi45@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иранский университет медицинских наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Occupational Medicine Research Center, Occupational Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кабир-Мокамелкхех Э., Агхилинеджад М., Омид А., Амини М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кабир-Мокамелкхех Э., Агхилинеджад М., Омид А., Амини М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kabir-Mokamelkhah E., Aghilinejad M., Omid A., Amini M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4549">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4549</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Главная цель этого исследования была в том, чтобы оценить, как обструктивное апноэ сна влияет на потерю слуха у рабочих, регулярно подвергающихся воздействию шума на производстве.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В этой работе мы обследовали 920 рабочих, работающих в условиях воздействия шума на одном металлургическом производстве в Иране. Индуцированная шумом высокочастотная и низкочастотная потери слуха были классифицированы по среднему порогу слышимости более 25 дБ на частоте 500–2000; 500–2000; 300–8000 и 4000 Гц соответственно. Для скрининга апноэ сна использовали опросник STOP-Bang. При оценке ≥ 3 риск апноэ сна оценивался как высокий. Множественный логистический регрессионный анализ использовали для оценки корреляции между потерей слуха и риском обструктивного апноэ сна.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средние пороги слышимости на 3000–8000 Гц и особенно на 4000 Гц были гораздо выше у рабочих с высоким риском обструктивного апноэ сна при сравнении с теми, у кого был низким (p &lt; 0,05). После множественного логистического регрессионного анализа и корректировки по существенным факторам у лиц с высоким риском обструктивного апноэ сна продемонстрирована высокая частота индуцированной шумом потери слуха (р = 0,002, ОШ = 1,85, 95% ДИ = 1,28–2,36) и потеря высокочастотного слуха (р = 0,02, ОШ = 2,05, 95% ДИ = 1,28–2,16) по сравнению с теми, у кого был низкий риск.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Одномоментное исследование и использование субъективного метода скрининга вместо объективного, такого как полисомнография, являются слабыми сторонами этого исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Настоящее исследование показало, что обструктивное апноэ сна у рабочих, подверженных воздействию шума, повышает риск развития потери высокочастотного слуха и нарушения слуха при воздействии шума. Таким образом, идентификация и лечение больных с обструктивным апноэ сна, ранний скрининг слуха и периодическая аудиометрия могут помочь в предотвращении потери слуха на ранних стадиях.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Данные, связанные с этой публикацией, являются частичными материалами диссертационной работы Марджан Амини в Иранском университете медицинских наук (зависимость между курением и вызванной шумом потерей слуха). Протокол рассмотрен и утверждён Комитетом по этике Иранского университета медицинских наук и Службой здравоохранения (протокол № 1395.9411308001). Все участники дали информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Кабир-Мокамелкхех Э. – концепция, дизайн исследования, поиск литературы, анализ данных и подготовка текста; Агхилинеджад М. – концепция, дизайн исследования; Омид А. – анализ данных и подготовка текста; Амини М. – поиск литературы, сбор данных и подготовка текста. Все соавторы ‒ утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование проведено при поддержке заместителя по научной работе Исследование не имело дополнительного финансирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 08.02.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 25.07.2024 / Принята к печати: 03.12.2024 / Опубликована: 31.01.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The principal goal of this investigation was to assess how obstructive sleep apnea affects hearing impairments in workers who are regularly exposed to occupational noise.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In this investigation, we assessed 920 noise-exposure workers in one of the metal industries in Iran. Noise-induced, high-frequency, and low-frequency hearing loss were classified based on the mean hearing thresholds of more than 25 dB at 500–2000 Hz, 300–8000 Hz, and 4000 Hz, respectively. We used the STOP-Bang questionnaire for screening for sleep apnea, and a score of ≥3 indicated a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea.  Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between hearing impairment and obstructive sleep apnea risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The mean hearing thresholds at 3000–8000 Hz and specifically at 4000 Hz were significantly higher among workers at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea compared to those at low risk (p-value &lt;0.05). Following the multivariate logistic regression analysis and the confounding factor adjustment, individuals with high obstructive sleep apnea risk showed a higher incidence of noise-induced hearing loss (p = 0.002, OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.28–2.36) and high-frequency hearing loss (p = 0.02, OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.28–2.16) compared to those with low risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The cross-sectional design and use of a subjective screening method instead of objective methods such as polysomnography for evaluating obstructive sleep apnea are weaknesses of this study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The current study showed obstructive sleep apnea in noise-exposed workers increased the risk of developing high-frequency hearing loss and hearing impairment from noise. So, identifying and managing workers with obstructive sleep apnea risk, early hearing screening, and periodic audiometry can help to prevent hearing loss in the primary stage.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The data related to this manuscript is part of the information about the residency thesis for Marjan Amini MD at Iran University of Medical Sciences (relationship between smoke and noise-induced hearing loss). The protocol was reviewed and approved by the ethical committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (protocol no. 1395.9411308001). </p></sec><sec><title>Consent for publication</title><p>Consent for publication. All participants gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.</p><p>Availability of data and material. Data will be made available on reasonable request. </p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions: Elaheh Kabir-Mokamelkhah – Concept, Design of study, literature search, data analysis and Manuscript preparation; Mashallah Aghilinejad – Concept, Design of study; Omid asghari – data analysis, and Manuscript preparation; Marjan Amini – literature search, Data acquisition and Manuscript preparation. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. This study was conducted with support from the Deputy for Research at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 8, 2024 / Revised: July 25, 2024 / Accepted: December 3, 2024 / Published: January 31, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нарушение слуха</kwd><kwd>металлурги</kwd><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>индуцированная шумом потеря слуха</kwd><kwd>обструктивное апноэ сна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hearing impairment</kwd><kwd>metalworkers</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>noise induce-hearing loss</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabinowitz P.M. Noise-induced hearing loss. Am. Fam. 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