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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-1-58-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ltglka</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4551</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профессиональное выгорание врачей медицинских учреждений Республики Гана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Professional burnout in doctors in medical institutions in Republic of Ghana</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-4332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акуоко</surname><given-names>Эбенезер</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akuoko</surname><given-names>Ebenezer</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант медицины Школы медицины и наук о жизни ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет», 690922, Владивосток, посёлок Аякс, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate student, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of Medicine and Life Sciences Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-4713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аленицкая</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alenitskaia</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор Департамента общественного здоровья и профилактической медицины Школы медицины и наук о жизни ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет», 690922, Владивосток, Россия</p><p>e-mail: trial766@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: trial766@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trial766@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дальневосточный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Far Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акуоко Э., Аленицкая М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акуоко Э., Аленицкая М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akuoko E., Alenitskaia M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4551">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4551</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Профессиональное выгорание медицинских работников связано с повышенными рабочими нагрузками, например, при неукомплектованности лечебных учреждений врачебными кадрами, сверхурочной работе, стрессовых ситуациях. Эти факторы характерны и для медицинского персонала учреждений здравоохранения Республики Гана. При этом особенности реакции на профессиональное выгорание специалистов в лечебных учреждениях Ганы до настоящего времени не изучены. Необходимо планировать и разрабатывать мероприятия, направленные на профилактику синдрома эмоционального выгорания сотрудников лечебных учреждений Ганы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Данные были проанализированы с помощью SPSS, и результаты представлены в описательной статистике и корреляционном анализе. В нашей работе был использован опросник MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory), по которому проводилась оценка уровня эмоционального выгорания. Одновременно в анкету нами были добавлены специальные вопросы, по которым оценивалась интенсивность труда представителей различных специальностей медицинских организаций Ганы. В медицинских учреждениях (42) в период с 2018 по 2023 г. проведён социологический опрос, в котором приняли участие 1083 медицинских работника. Были определены четыре профессиональные группы по специальностям: хирургия, терапия, лабораторная диагностика, представители административного звена.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследовании были определены степень напряжённости труда при выполнении трудовых функций врачами различных специальностей и уровни профессионального выгорания. Так, у врачей-хирургов интенсивность трудового процесса определена как наибольшая (р &lt; 0,001), у терапевтов – среднего уровня, у специалистов лабораторно-диагностических подразделений и административного звена – наименьшая. В результате проведённого исследования было установлено профессиональное выгорание сотрудников лечебных учреждений Ганы в профессиональных группах по специальностям: хирургия, терапия, лабораторное дело, административное звено.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Отсутствие нормативных документов, регламентирующих оценку условий труда, систему регистрации и расследования случаев профессиональных болезней. Также в Республике Гана отсутствует специальное оборудование для выполнения измерений параметров условий труда. Эти обстоятельства стали ограничениями нашего исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты нашего исследования подтвердили, что развитие профессионального выгорания у медицинских работников лечебных учреждений Ганы требует принятия мер профилактического характера на уровне правительства республики, разработки правовой базы и нормативных документов, создания учётно-отчётных форм для регистрации, наличия измерительных приборов и методик их применения для оценки условий труда.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов. Все участники дали информированное добровольное письменное согласие на участие в исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Акуоко Эбенезер – получение данных для анализа, разработка дизайна исследования, курирование данных, концептуализация, написание текста, обзор публикаций по теме статьи; Аленицкая М.В. – программное обеспечение, редактирование материала, написание текста, проверка, визуализация. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 26.03.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 08.05.2024 / Принята к печати: 19.06.2024 / Опубликована: 31.01.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Professional burnout among medical workers is known to be associated with increased workloads, for example, when medical institutions are understaffed with medical personnel, overtime work, and stressful situations. These factors also apply to medical staff in Ghanaian health care institutions. However, there is a lack of research examining how different professionals in healthcare settings in Ghana respond to burnout. There is a need to plan and develop interventions aimed at preventing burnout among healthcare workers in Ghana.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Survey questions for the conduct of this study included the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) survey, which was used to assess the level of emotional burnout. At the same time, we added special questions to the questionnaire, which assessed the intensity of work of representatives of various specialties of medical institutions in Ghana. We conducted sociological survey to collect data about risk factors for diseases, which were present from the period 2018 to 2022, among workers of medical facilities in Ghana. One thousand eighty three workers participated. In this study, doctors were divided into professional groups, 4 in total. These groups were represented by the following specialties: surgery, therapy, laboratory diagnostics, representatives of the administrative level. We analyzed the data by the use of SPSS, and presented the results in descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study found differences in the levels of professional burnout, as well as differences in the intensity of work functions among doctors in various specialties. Thus, surgeons were characterized by the highest intensity of work (p &lt;0.001). The therapeutic group, on the other hand, was characterized by an average level. Specialists of laboratory and diagnostic units and administrative level were distinguished by work of the least intensity. However, signs of burnout are common among surgeons, therapists, laboratory technicians, and administrators in Ghanaian hospitals.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The lack of regulations governing the conduct and assessment of working conditions, a system for recording and investigating cases of occupational diseases, and special equipment for measuring working conditions in Ghana served as limitations to our scientific research.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Taking into account the results of our study to establish the facts of the development of professional burnout among medical workers in medical institutions in Ghana, it is necessary to apply preventive measures at the level of the Government of Ghana (development of a legal framework, regulatory documents, accounting and reporting forms for registration, measuring instruments and methods for their use for assessing working conditions, preventive programs).</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the conclusion of the biomedical ethics committee or any other document. All participants gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions: Akuoko E. – data acquisition for analysis, study design, data curation, conceptualization, writing the text of the manuscript, review of publications on the topic of the article; Alenitskaia M.V. – software, editing material, writing the text of the manuscript, examination, visualization. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 26, 2024 / Revised: May 8, 2024 / Accepted: June 19, 2024 / Published: January 31, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональное выгорание</kwd><kwd>врачи</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>биологический фактор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>professional burnout</kwd><kwd>doctors</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>biological factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арчаков В.Ю., Савков П.И. Зарубежный опыт обеспечения биологической безопасности в контексте современных вызовов и угроз. Наука и инновации. 2021; (10): 1–6. https://elibrary.ru/slwzrf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Archakov V.Yu., Savkov P.I. Foreign experience in ensuring biological safety in the context of modern challenges and threads. 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