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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2019-98-12-1392-1401</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-471</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффекты нестабильности генома в лимфоцитах и эпителиоцитах щеки детей в городе с целлюлозно-бумажным производством</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of genome instability in lymphocytes and buccal epitheliocytes of children from the city with big pulp and paper industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4377-245X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрченко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurchenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-6800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ингель</surname><given-names>Фаина Исааковна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ingel</surname><given-names>Faina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. лаб. генетической токсикологии с группой цитогистологии ФГБУ «ЦСП» Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: fainaingel@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., head of the Laboratory of genetic toxicology with a group of cytohistology, Centre for Strategic Planning, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: fainaingel@mail.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fainaingel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-2916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрцева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urtseva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5039-8980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривцова</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivtsova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3619-3858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахальцева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhaltseva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1392</fpage><lpage>1401</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юрченко В.В., Ингель Ф.И., Юрцева Н.А., Кривцова Е.К., Ахальцева Л.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юрченко В.В., Ингель Ф.И., Юрцева Н.А., Кривцова Е.К., Ахальцева Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yurchenko V.V., Ingel F.I., Urtseva N.A., Krivtsova E.K., Akhaltseva L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/471">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/471</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Анализ литературы показал, что в атмосферных выбросах целлюлозно-бумажного производства (ЦБП) присутствуют генотоксиканты – мутагены и канцерогены. Кроме того, в разных странах у рабочих ЦБП был выявлен дополнительный риск возникновения онкологических заболеваний, что позволяет предположить высокую его вероятность у жителей города, в котором расположено ЦБП. Признанным индикатором генотоксического воздействия является повышенный уровень нестабильности генома, определяемый, в частности, в микроядерном тесте.</p><p>Цель исследования – сравнительный анализ эффектов нестабильности генома в двух тканях второклассников, школы которых находятся на разном расстоянии от ЦБП.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Исследование проведено в г. Коряжма Архангельской области, где градообразующим предприятием является ЦБП. Территории, на которых располагались школы, подразделили на 3 группы по удалённости от ЦБП. Эффекты нестабильности генома детей 8–9 лет определяли цитомным анализом в микроядерном тесте параллельно на двух тканях – лимфоцитах крови, культивированных с цитохалазином В, и эпителиоцитах слизистой оболочки щеки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На культуре лимфоцитов крови выявлена связь между показателями нестабильности генома (включая частоты клеток с микроядрами и нуклеоплазменными мостами, апоптоз, а также изменения спектра клеточных популяций) и расстоянием между ЦБП и школами, в которых учились обследованные дети. В буккальных эпителиоцитах проявления эффектов нестабильности генома носили менее систематический характер, что не позволило сделать определённого заключения. В то же время в обоих тестах выявлены гендерные различия в показателях цитомного анализа (например, зависимость частоты лимфоцитов с генетическими повреждениями от удалённости школ от ЦБП была ярче выражена у мальчиков).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По результатам исследования и с учётом данных литературы сформулирована гипотеза о том, что выраженность гендерных различий по показателям цитомного анализа может указывать на присутствие токсических и/или генотоксических соединений в компонентах окружающей среды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Analysis of literature has shown genotoxicants (mutagens and carcinogens) to be present in the atmospheric emissions of pulp and paper industry (PPI). Moreover, among PPI workers from different countries, there was identified an additional risk of cancer, which suggests its high probability among residents of the cities where the PPI is located. The recognized index of genotoxic effects is an increased level of genome instability, which is determined, in particular, in the micronucleus test. </p><p>The scope of the study - the comparative analysis of the effects of genomic instability in the two tissues - blood lymphocytes cultured with Cytochalasin B, and buccal epithelial cells in the second grade school children (8-9 years old, boys and girls), whose schools were located at different distances from the pulp and paper mill.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study was carried out in the city of Koryazhma, the Arkhangelsk Region (42000 citizens), where the pulp and paper plant as the city-forming industry was located. For the analysis, we subdivided the territories on which the schools were located, into 3 groups according to their distance from the pulp and paper mill. The effects of genomic instability were determined by cytome analysis in the micronucleus test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Cytome analysis of cultivated lymphocytes demonstrated that levels of genome instability indices (including cell frequencies with micronuclei and nucleoplasm bridges, apoptosis, as well as changes in the spectrum of cell populations) to decrease along with the rising the distance between the pulp and paper mill and schools where the children go. In buccal epithelial cells, the manifestations of genomic instability effects were less systematic, which did not allow making a definitive conclusion. At the same time, in both tests, gender differences in the results of cytome analysis were revealed (for example, the alteration of frequency of lymphocytes with genetic damage dependence on the distance between schools and the PPI was more pronounced among boys). </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. According to the results of this study and taking into consideration the data of literature, we hypothesized that the discovering of gender dimorphism in the effects of genome instability may indicate the presence of toxic and/or genotoxic compounds in an environment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целлюлозно-бумажное производство</kwd><kwd>нестабильность генома младших школьников</kwd><kwd>микроядерный тест</kwd><kwd>культура лимфоцитов крови</kwd><kwd>эпителиоциты слизистой щеки</kwd><kwd>гендерные различия</kwd><kwd>эмоциональное состояние детей и их родителей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pulp and paper industry</kwd><kwd>genome instability in younger schoolchildren</kwd><kwd>micronucleus test</kwd><kwd>blood lymphocyte culture</kwd><kwd>buccal epithelial cells</kwd><kwd>gender differences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Промышленное загрязнение территорий российской части Баренцева региона. 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