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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-3-279-283</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">wjuxux</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4711</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наблюдение за лихорадками денге, чикунгунья и малярией до и во время пандемии COVID-19 в Индонезии: эпидемиологическая и климатическая перспектива</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Observing Dengue Fever, Malaria, and Chikungunya Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: An Epidemiological and Climate Change Perspective</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фатма</surname><given-names>Роза Кумала</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fatma</surname><given-names>Rosa K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шри Кришна медицинский колледж, эпидемиолог, полевой эпидемиолог, служба первичной медико-санитарной помощи Лохеджер, Департамент здравоохранения Джембера, 68162, Джембер, Республика Индонезия</p><p>e-mail: rosa.kumala19@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S.KM., Epidemiologist, Field Epidemiologist, Lojejer Primary Health Care, Jember Health Department, 68162, Jember, Republic of Indonesia</p><p>e-mail: rosa.kumala19@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rosa.kumala19@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-3064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акбар</surname><given-names>Курния Ардиансьях</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akbar</surname><given-names>Kurnia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор философии, доцент, профессор факультета общественного здравоохранения Университета Джембера, 68121, Джембер, Республика Индонезия</p><p>e-mail: ardiansyah_akbar@unej.ac.id</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Asst. Prof., Faculty of Public Health, Jember University, 68121, Jember, Republic of Indonesia</p><p>e-mail: ardiansyah_akbar@unej.ac.id</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ardiansyah_akbar@unej.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лохеджер, Департамент здравоохранения Джембера</institution><country>Индонезия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lojejer Primary Health Care, Jember Health Department</institution><country>Indonesia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Факультет общественного здравоохранения, Джемберский университет</institution><country>Индонезия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Public Health, Jember University</institution><country>Indonesia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>279</fpage><lpage>283</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фатма Р.К., Акбар К.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фатма Р.К., Акбар К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fatma R.K., Akbar K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4711">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4711</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лихорадки денге, чикунгунья и малярия продолжают вызывать тревогу в связи с глобальными угрозами для здоровья населения.</p><p>Цель работы ‒ изучение лихорадок денге, чикунгунья и малярии до и во время пандемии COVID-19 в Индонезии для понимания эпидемиологических тенденций и разработки научно обоснованных стратегий в отношении эффектов изменений климата.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Данные получали с 2017 по 2022 г. из различных источников, в том числе из национальных опросов обследования здоровья населения и сведений метеорологических агентств Индонезии. Для определения взаимосвязи между частотой заболеваний, температурой, количеством осадков и мерами, связанными с пандемией COVID-19, был проведён корреляционный анализ, использованы статистические методы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В Индонезии заболеваемость лихорадкой денге значительно выросла с 26,1% в 2017 г. (до пандемии COVID-19) до 52,1% в 2022 г., ежегодная заболеваемость малярией (ЕЗМ) увеличилась с 1 на 1 тыс. населения в 2017 г. до 1,6 в 2022 г. во время пандемии. Число случаев лихорадки чикунгунья увеличилось в 23,6 раза: 126 случаев в 2017 г. и 2974 случая в 2022 г. В Индонезии с 2017 по 2019 г. отмечена тенденция к снижению температуры и количества осадков. Однако в период с 2020 по 2022 г. оба показателя колебались с заметным подъёмом в 2022 г., когда количество осадков достигло 550 мм, а температура выросла на 1 °C по сравнению с предыдущими годами. Аномалия имела место в 2019 г., когда и температура, и количество осадков снизились, но число случаев лихорадок денге, чикунгунья и малярии возросло.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Одним из ограничений этого исследования является вероятность предоставления неполных или непоследовательных данных во время пандемии COVID-19 из-за тотальных локдаунов в Индонезии, что может повлиять на точность наблюдаемых эпидемиологических тенденций.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Количество случаев лихорадки денге возросло, возможно, из-за условий локдауна. Продемонстрирована тенденция к колебаниям частоты случаев малярии. Снижение вначале связано, возможно, с ограничением передвижения и уменьшением охвата тестированием во время пандемии, в то время как после наблюдался подъём. Подъём заболеваемости лихорадкой чикунгунья во время пандемии и последующие колебания подчёркивают необходимость постоянного наблюдения за этой инфекцией. Корреляция с факторами окружающей среды, такими как температура и количество осадков, указывает на роль климата в распространённости лихорадки чикунгунья.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Это исследование было проведено в соответствии с этическими стандартами и одобрено соответствующими институциональными наблюдательными советами, что гарантирует конфиденциальность и целостность обработки всех данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Фатма Р.К. ‒ концепция, обработка данных, методология, ресурсы, руководство, проверка, подготовка рукописи, рецензирование и редактирование; Акбар К.А. ‒ формальный анализ, исследование, методология, программное обеспечение, визуализация, окончательная подготовка рукописи, рецензирование и редактирование. Все соавторы ‒ ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи, утверждение окончательной редакции.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 09.07.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 16.07.2024 / Принята к печати: 03.12.2024 / Опубликована: 31.03.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Dengue Fever, Malaria, and Chikungunya persist as alarming global health threats. This paper aims to examines Dengue Fever, Malaria, and Chikungunya before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia for understanding epidemiological trends and developing evidence-based strategies of climate change impact.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Data were collected since 2017-2022 from various sources, including national health surveys and meteorological agencies in Indonesia. Statistical analyses and correlations were conducted to understand the relationships between disease incidence, temperature, rainfall, and pandemic-related measures</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In Indonesia, Dengue fever incidence rose significantly from 26.1% in 2017 before the COVID-19 pandemic to 52.1% in 2022, malaria’s annual parasite incidence (API) increase by 0.6, from 1.0 per 1,000 population in 2017 to 1.6 in 2022 during the pandemic. Chikungunya cases surged by 23,6 times, increasing from 126 cases in 2017 to 2974 cases in 2022 From 2017 to 2019, temperature and rainfall showed a decreasing trend. However, between 2020 and 2022, both indicators fluctuated, with a notable spike in 2022 where rainfall reached 550 mm and temperatures increased by 1°C compared to previous years. An anomaly occurred in 2019 when both temperature and rainfall decreased, yet Dengue Fever Malaria, and Chikungunya cases increased.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. One limitation of this study is the potential for incomplete or inconsistent data reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic due to total lockdowns in Indonesia, which may affect the accuracy of the observed epidemiological trends.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Dengue Fever cases rose, possibly due to increased exposure at home. Malaria displayed a fluctuating trend, initially decreasing due to travel restrictions and possibly reduced testing coverage, then experiencing a rebound post-pandemic. Chikungunya’s surge during the pandemic and subsequent fluctuations underlines the need for ongoing disease surveillance. The correlation with environmental factors like temperature and rainfall underscores climate’s role in disease prevalence.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. This study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards and approved by the relevant institutional review boards, ensuring that all data were handled with confidentiality and integrity.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Fatma R.K. – conceptualization, data curation, methodology, resources, supervision, validation, writing text, editing; Akbar K.A. – formal analysis, investigation, methodology, visualization, writing text, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: July 9, 2024 / Revised: July 16, 2024 / Accepted: December 3, 2024 / Published: March 31, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансмиссивные болезни</kwd><kwd>лихорадка денге</kwd><kwd>малярия</kwd><kwd>вспышка болезни чикунгунья</kwd><kwd>колебания климата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vector-rorne diseases</kwd><kwd>dengue fever</kwd><kwd>malaria incidence</kwd><kwd>chikungunya outbreak</kwd><kwd>climate variability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mota M.T., Estofolete C.F., Zini N., Terzian A.C., Gongora D.V., Maia I.L., et al. Transverse myelitis as an unusual complication of dengue fever. Am. J. Trop. Med. 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