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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-4-459-462</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">iawdga</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4825</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности экспрессии мембранных лимфоцитарных кластеров CD11a+ и CD309+ как маркёров эффекта в сочетанных условиях экспозиции бенз(а)пиреном и воздействия холодового фактора на экспериментальных моделях in vivo</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression of CD11a+ and CD309+ membrane lymphocyte clusters as biomarkers of the effect of combined exposure to benzo(a)pyrene and cold factor in experimental in vivo models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-3145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Олег Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, зав. отд. иммунобиологических методов диагностики, ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Immunobiological Diagnostic Methods of Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-9477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никоношина</surname><given-names>Наталья Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonoshina</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. иммунобиологических методов диагностики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: nat08.11@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Department of Immunobiological Diagnostic Methods of Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nat08.11@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat08.11@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>459</fpage><lpage>462</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Долгих О.В., Никоношина Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Долгих О.В., Никоношина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dolgikh O.V., Nikonoshina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4825">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4825</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение особенностей экспрессии маркёров CD11a+ и CD309+ в сочетанных условиях воздействия бенз(а)пирена и холодового стресса в эксперименте in vivo актуально в аспекте моделирования вероятных эффектов и верификации механизмов формирования нарушений процессов иммунорегуляции эндотелиальной функции, обусловленных биоэкспозицией бенз(а)пиреном, на северных территориях.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Субхронический эксперимент in vivo выполнен с использованием 48 нелинейных лабораторных мышей, разделённых по условиям факторной нагрузки на четыре группы (пероральная биоэкспозиция бенз(а)пиреном в среднесуточной дозе 0,175 мкг/кг в день; холодовой фактор – среднесуточная температура воздуха плюс 9,9 ± 2,6 °С). Определение содержания CD11a+- и CD309+-лимфоцитов выполняли методом проточной цитофлуориметрии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты пероральной субхронической биоэкспозиции бенз(а)пиреном в дозе 0,175 мкг/кг в день и условия холодового стресса в эксперименте in vivo позволили установить гиперэкспрессию CD309+-лимфоцитов на фоне снижения содержания CD11a+-клеток (OR = 5–22,5; RR = 2,63–4,2; p = 0,001–0,042). Повышение содержания CD309+-лимфоцитов на 62% относительно контроля преимущественно ассоциируется с биоэкспозицией бенз(а)пиреном (OR = 11,25 (1,65–76,85); RR = 2,86 (1,2–6,86); p = 0,026), тогда как снижение содержания CD11a+-лимфоцитов – с условиями холодового стресса (OR = 11 (1,77–68,35); RR = 3,5 (1,22–10,05); p = 0,001). Сочетанное воздействие бенз(а)пирена и холодового фактора формирует синергические, более чем аддитивные эффекты со стороны клеточного иммунного профиля (OR = 14,67–22,5; RR = 3,15–4,2; p = 0,001–0,042).</p><p>Ограничения исследования связаны с количественными параметрами выборок, выбранными факторами экспозиции, необходимостью последующего подтверждения полученных результатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Идентифицированный на моделях in vivo дисбаланс адаптивного клеточного иммунного профиля (активация CD309+, дефицит CD11a+) отражает запуск негативных сценариев воспалительно-пролиферативных процессов, ассоциированных с развитием болезней системы кровообращения, что позволяет верифицировать механизмы формирования холодового и химического (бенз(а)пирен) стресса и рекомендовать лимфоцитарные кластеры CD11a+ и CD309+ в качестве маркёров эффекта биоэкспозиции бенз(а)пиреном на северных территориях.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование выполнено с соблюдением требований Европейской конвенции по защите позвоночных животных, используемых в экспериментальных или иных научных целях (ETS № 123), и этического комитета ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Роспотребнадзора (протокол заседания № 2 от 17.01.2022 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Долгих О.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование текста; Никоношина Н.А. – сбор и обработка материала, написание текста. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование: Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 17.02.2025 / Поступила после доработки: 06.03.2025 / Принята к печати: 26.03.2025 / Опубликована: 30.04.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. It is relevant to investigate expression of CD11a+ and CD309+ markers under combined exposure to benzo(a)pyrene and cold factor in an in vivo experiment in terms of modelling likely effects and verifying mechanisms of the developing of disorders of endothelial immune regulation caused by biological exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in northern areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An in vivo subchronic experiment was performed using forty eight nonlinear laboratory mice divided into 4 groups according to the conditions of factor loading (oral biological exposure to benzo(a)pyrene at an average daily dose of 0.175 mcg/kg∙day; exposure to cold, average daily air temperature 9.9±2.6 °C). The content of CD11a+ and CD309+ lymphocytes was determined by flow cytofluorometry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of oral subchronic biological exposure to benzo(a)pyrene at a dose of 0,175 µg/kg×day under cold stress in an in vivo experiment made it possible to establish CD309+ lymphocytes overexpression against the background of CD11a+ cells decrease (OR=5.00–22.50; RR=2.63–4.20; p=0.001–0.042). An increase in CD309+ lymphocytes content by 62% relative to the control is mainly associated with biological exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (OR=11.25 (1.65-76.85); RR=2.86 (1.20–6.86); p=0.026) while a decrease in CD11a+ lymphocyte content is associated with cold stress (OR=11.00 (1.77–68.35); RR=3.50 (1.22–10.05), p=0.001). Combined exposure to benzo(a)pyrene and cold forms synergistic, more than additive effects in the cellular immune profile (OR=14.67–22.50; RR=3.15–4.20; p=0.001–0.042).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The limitations are related to quantitative parameters of the sample, limited choice of exposure factors, and the need for subsequent confirmation of obtained results. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the imbalance of adaptive cellular immune profile identified in in vivo models (CD309+ activation, CD11a+ deficiency) reflects the launch of negative inflammatory and proliferative scenarios associated with cardiovascular diseases. This makes it possible to verify mechanisms of cold and chemical (benzo(a)pyrene) stress formation and recommend CD11a+ and CD309+ lymphocyte clusters to be used as biomarkers of the effect for biological exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in northern areas.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in compliance with the requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123) and the Local Ethics Committee of the Federal Research Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies (The meeting protocol No. 2 dated January 17, 2022).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Dolgikh O.V. — study concept and design, editing the text; Nikonoshina N.A. — data collection and analysis, writing the text. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and for the approval of its final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgement</title><p>Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 17, 2024 / Revised: March 6, 2024 / Accepted: March 26, 2025 / Published: April 30, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бенз(а)пирен</kwd><kwd>холодовой стресс</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>мыши</kwd><kwd>иммунный профиль</kwd><kwd>эксперимент in vivo</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>benzo(a)pyrene</kwd><kwd>cold stress</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>mice</kwd><kwd>immune profile</kwd><kwd>in vivo experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guan S., Huang Y., Feng Z., Xu L., Jin Y., Lu J. The toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene on activated mouse T cells in vitro. Immunopharmacol. 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