medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-5-572-576rjfzvgmedlit-4922Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL HEALTHФакторы риска современного офисного труда (обзор литературы)Risk factors associated with the conditions of modern office work (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0195-8862МасягутоваЛяйля МарселевнаMasyagutovaLyayla M.

Доктор мед. наук, зав. отд. медицины труда, гл. науч. сотр. ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека, 450106, Уфа, Россия

e-mail: kdl.ufa@rambler.ru

DSc (Medicine), head of the Dept. occupational medicine, chief researcher, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation; Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation

e-mail: kdl.ufa@rambler.ru

kdl.ufa@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-5312СадртдиноваГузяль РазитовнаSadrtdinovaGuzyal R.

Врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики, ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа, Россия

e-mail: Guzi24@mail.ru

Doctor of clinic al and laboratory diagnostics, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation

e-mail: Guzi24@mail.ru

Guzi24@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-8998СтепановЕвгений ГеоргиевичStepanovEvgeniy G.

Канд. мед. наук, доцент, профессор каф. «Охрана окружающей среды и рациональное использование природных ресурсов» ФГБОУ ВО «Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет», 450064, Уфа, Россия

e-mail: doctorse@mail.ru

PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Environmental protection and rational use of natural resources, Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation

e-mail: doctorse@mail.ru

doctorse@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-9619КайбышевВадим ТимерзяновичKaibyshevVadim T.

Доктор мед. наук, профессор, зав. каф. мобилизационной подготовки здравоохранения и медицины катастроф, Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, 450008, Уфа, Россия

e-mail: Kaf.mpz-mk@yandex.ru

DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department mobilization training of health care and disaster medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation

e-mail: Kaf.mpz-mk@yandex.ru

Kaf.mpz-mk@yandex.ruФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»; ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияUfa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology; Bashkirian State Medical University of the Russian Health MinistryRussian FederationФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»РоссияUfa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human EcologyRussian FederationФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»; ФГБОУ ВО «Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет»РоссияUfa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology; Ufa State Petroleum Technical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияBashkirian State Medical University of the Russian Health MinistryRussian Federation2025270620251045572576Copyright © Масягутова Л.М., Садртдинова Г.Р., Степанов Е.Г., Кайбышев В.Т., 20252025Масягутова Л.М., Садртдинова Г.Р., Степанов Е.Г., Кайбышев В.Т.Masyagutova L.M., Sadrtdinova G.R., Stepanov E.G., Kaibyshev V.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4922

Длительное время офисный труд считали относительно безопасным, поскольку в большинстве офисов отсутствуют традиционные вредные факторы рабочей среды и трудового процесса: шум, вибрация, аэрозоли и вредные химические вещества, ионизирующие и неионизирующие излучения, биологические агенты. Однако в последние десятилетия условия труда и здоровье офисных работников вызывают всё большую тревогу специалистов во всём мире.

Цель работы – анализ факторов производственной среды и трудового процесса в современных офисах и оценка их влияния на здоровье работников: обзор зарубежных и отечественных научных исследований. Для решения задач исследования был выполнен поиск зарубежной и отечественной литературы с использованием различных баз данных: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary.ru, CyberLeninka и РИНЦ. Особое внимание было уделено базе данных PubMed. В действительности труд в офисе далеко не всегда остаётся абсолютно безопасным для здоровья работника, на которого воздействует комплекс эргономических и других психосоциальных факторов, характерных именно для офиса, но не включаемых в систему специальной оценки условий труда (СОУТ).

Заключение

Заключение. Анализ современной научной литературы показал, что даже в отсутствие традиционных вредных факторов рабочей среды и трудового процесса на персонал современных офисов воздействует комплекс внутренних факторов офисной среды: качество воздуха в помещении (микроклимат, аэрозоли, химическое, биологическое загрязнение, ионизация), внешние физические факторы, эргономика, интенсивность и напряжённость работы, психосоциальные факторы.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Масягутова Л.М. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста; Садртдинова Г.Р. – написание текста, подбор и перевод литературы; Степанов Е.Г. – написание текста, редактирование; Кайбышев В.Т. – сбор и обработка данных, написание текста. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 15.11.2024 / Принята к печати: 26.03.2025 / Опубликована 27.06.2025

For quite a long time, working in an office was considered as an example of relatively safe work, taking into account the fact that in the workplace in most offices there are no traditional harmful factors of the working environment and the labour process: noise, vibration, aerosols, and harmful chemicals, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, biological substrates, etc. However, in recent decades, the working conditions and health in office workers have become increasingly alarming to specialists around the world.

The purpose of the work

The purpose of the work. Analysis of factors of the production environment and the labour process in modern offices and their impact on the health in employees: a review of foreign and domestic scientific research.

To conduct research on this topic, an extensive search of foreign and domestic literature was performed using various databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary.ru, CyberLeninka, and RSCI. During this search, special attention was paid to the PubMed database.

Results

Results. In fact, work in the office does not always remain absolutely safe for the health in an employee, who is affected by a complex of ergonomic and other psychosocial factors characteristic of the office, but not included in the special assessment of working conditions.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The analysis of modern scientific literature shows that despite the absence of traditional harmful factors of the working environment and the labour process, the staff of modern offices is affected by a whole range of internal factors of the office environment – indoor air quality (microclimate, aerosols, chemical, biological pollution, air ionization), external physical factors, ergonomics, intensity and intensity of work, psychosocial factors.

Contribution

Contribution: Masyagutova L.M. – research concept and design, data collection and processing, text writing; Sadrtdinova G.R. – writing the text, selection and translation of literature; Stepanov E.G. – writing the text, editing; Kaibyshev V.T. – data collection and processing, text writing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interests

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment. The study was not sponsored.

Received

Received: November 15, 2024 / Accepted: March 26, 2025 / Published: June 27, 2025

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.