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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-5-670-673</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">dsqctn</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-4937</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ методов прогнозирования токсичности химических веществ (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of methods for predicting the toxicity of chemicals (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8389-7981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, старший преподаватель каф. экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана; ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, 199911, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Sechenov University, Moscow, 199911, Russian Federation, 140081</p><p>e-mail: guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">guseva_e_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-9990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Наталья Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>Natalia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, профессор каф. экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана; ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, 199911, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: nativ.nikolayeva@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Professor of the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Sechenov University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nativ.nikolayeva@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nativ.nikolayeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8174-9426</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савранец</surname><given-names>Елизавета Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savranets</surname><given-names>Elizaveta V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-эпидемиолог, ГБУЗ Московской области «Домодедовская больница», 140081, Домодедово, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Epidemiologist, Domodedovo Hospital, Domodedovo, 140081, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8700-3408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жантлисова</surname><given-names>Дарья Максатовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhantlisova</surname><given-names>Daria M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор по направлению «Общая гигиена», ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident in General Hygiene, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-7258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онищенко</surname><given-names>Геннадий Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onishchenko</surname><given-names>Gennadij G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, зав. каф. экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана; ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, 199911, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ecology.n@1msmu.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the RAS, Head of the Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ecolog.n@1msmu.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ecolog.n@1msmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 199911, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области «Домодедовская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Domodedovo Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Research Center for Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>670</fpage><lpage>673</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Савранец Е.В., Жантлисова Д.М., Онищенко Г.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусева Е.А., Николаева Н.И., Савранец Е.В., Жантлисова Д.М., Онищенко Г.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseva E.A., Nikolaeva N.I., Savranets E.V., Zhantlisova D.M., Onishchenko G.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4937">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/4937</self-uri><abstract><p>Количество зарегистрированных химических веществ за последние семь лет увеличилось в два раза – до 200 млн соединений. В настоящее время разработка альтернативных методов исследования имеет особое значение. Наибольший интерес у исследователей вызывают методы перекрёстного считывания и машинного обучения.</p><p>Цель исследования – сравнительный анализ методов перекрёстного считывания (read across) и машинного обучения, применяемых при прогнозировании токсичности химических веществ.</p><p>Осуществлён поиск нормативных документов по информационно-правовым порталам «КонсультантПлюс» и «Гарант.ру». Анализ научной литературы выполнен с использованием базы данных PubMed, научной электронной библиотеки «КиберЛенинка» и электронной библиотеки eLIBRARY с использованием ключевых слов read-across, toxicity prediction, machine learning и их аналогов на русском языке. Выбраны публикации на русском и английском языках за последние 25 лет с учётом критериев включения и исключения. Анализ показал разнонаправленность применения перекрёстного считывания и машинного обучения при прогнозировании токсичности химических веществ. При существующих ограничениях указанных методов в ряде работ продемонстрирована достаточная надёжность и точность их использования. Совместное применение перекрёстного считывания и машинного обучения позволит обеспечить более эффективное прогнозирование токсичности химических веществ.</p><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение методов in silico в профилактической токсикологии является перспективным направлением. Разработка алгоритма совместного применения различных методов прогнозирования токсичности веществ актуальна для токсиколого-гигиенических исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Гусева Е.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста; Николаева Н.И. – редактирование; Савранец Е.В., Жантлисова Д.М. – сбор материала и обработка данных; Онищенко Г.Г. – редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 15.01.2025 / Принята к печати: 26.03.2025 / Опубликована: 27.06.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The number of registered chemicals has doubled over the past seven years to 200 million compounds. Currently, the development of alternative research methods is becoming increasingly important. The methods of cross-reading and machine learning are of the greatest interest to researchers.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of read-across and machine learning methods used in predicting the toxicity of chemicals.</p><p>A search was conducted for regulatory legal acts on two information and legal portals – ConsultantPlus and Garant.ru. The search for scientific literature was conducted using the PubMed database, the Cyberleninka scientific electronic library and the eLIBRARY electronic library using keywords such as "read-across", "toxicity prediction", "machine learning", and their analogues in Russian. The reports in Russian and English for the last 25 years have been selected, taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The conducted review showed the multidirectional application of read-across and machine learning in predicting the toxicity of chemicals. Despite the fact that there is a number of limitations to the use of these methods, a number of studies have demonstrated sufficient reliability and accuracy of their use. The combined use of read-across and machine learning will allow more effective predicting of chemical toxicity.</p><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The conducted review showed the multidirectional application of read-across and machine learning in predicting the toxicity of chemicals. Despite the fact that there is a number of limitations to the use of these methods, a number of studies have demonstrated sufficient reliability and accuracy of their use. The combined use of read-across and machine learning will allow more effective predicting the chemical toxicity.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Guseva E.A. – research concept and design, material collection and data processing, text writing; Nikolayeva N.I. – editing; Savranets E.V., Zhantlisova D.M. – material collection and data processing; Onishchenko G.G. – editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: January 15, 2025 / Accepted: March 26, 2025 / Published: June 27, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование</kwd><kwd>read-across</kwd><kwd>аналоговый подход</kwd><kwd>категории</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>forecasting</kwd><kwd>read-across</kwd><kwd>analog approach</kwd><kwd>categories</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CAS REGISTRY. Available at: https://cas.org/cas-data/cas-registry</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CAS REGISTRY. 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