medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-7-908-913iaymtcmedlit-5066Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯFOOD HYGIENEПищевые отходы в школах разных стран: систематический обзорFood waste in schools from various countries: A systematic reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-7068БеисбековаАрайлым КайратовнаBeisbekovaArailym K.

PhD, ассоциированный профессор, доцент каф. Нутрициология, КазНМУ, А15Н8С6, Алматы, Республика Казахстан

e-mail: abeisbekova@gmail.com

PhD, Associate professor, Department of Nutrition, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, А15Н8С6, Republic of Kazakhstan

e-mail: abeisbekova@gmail.com

abeisbekova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-1320-7213ШукеноваМадина ЗайфуллаевнаShukenovaMadina Z.

Магистрант 1-го курса специальности «Нутрициология» КазНМУ, A15H8C6, Алматы, Республика Казахстан

e-mail: madina220600@gmail.com

Master student of Nutrition Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, А15Н8С6, Republic of Kazakhstan

e-mail: madina220600@gmail.com

madina220600@gmail.comКазахский национальный медицинский университет имени С.Д. АсфендияроваКазахстанAsfendiyarov Kazakh national Medical UniversityKazakhstan2025010920251047908913Copyright © Беисбекова А.К., Шукенова М.З., 20252025Беисбекова А.К., Шукенова М.З.Beisbekova A.K., Shukenova M.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5066Введение

Введение. Пищевые отходы в школьных учреждениях представляют собой значительную проблему, связанную с экологическими и экономическими потерями [1]. По данным Footprint, ежегодно выбрасывается 1,05 млрд тонн пищи, что подчёркивает необходимость разработки эффективных стратегий уменьшения пищевых отходов [2].

Цель исследования – анализ и оценка на основе систематического обзора методов снижения образования пищевых отходов в школьных столовых.

Выполнен систематический обзор литературы с использованием PRISMA flow chart. Источниками данных послужили PubMed и Google Scholar за период 2013–2023 гг. Первоначально было отобрано 15 385 статей, затем по критериям релевантности и доступности к полному тексту оставлено 10 исследований. Анализ включал методы оценки пищевых отходов (взвешивание, фотографирование) и интервенционные стратегии (просветительные программы, изменение условий приёма пищи). Исследования, проведённые в шести странах, показали, что информационные кампании снижали объём пищевых отходов на 15–30%. Увеличение времени, отводимого на приём пищи, приводило к уменьшению объёма отходов на 10–20%. Показано, что уменьшение количества пищевых отходов в школах происходит вследствие информационной работы – в среднем с 37,54 до 36,63%, а конкретная группа детей, с которыми была проведена педагогическая работа, сократила свои пищевые отходы с 47,83 до 32,95%.

Заключение

Заключение. Результаты анализа подтверждают значимость мер по сокращению пищевых отходов в школах. Эффективные стратегии включают образовательные программы, увеличение времени, отводимого на приём пищи, и мониторинг выбрасываемых продуктов. Дальнейшие исследования необходимы для оценки долгосрочного влияния данных мер.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Беисбекова А.К. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, написание текста; Шукенова М.З. – сбор данных, написание текста. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 02.08.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 23.05.2025 / Принята к печати: 26.06.2025 / Опубликована: 20.08.2025

Introduction

Introduction. According to the UN definition of food waste is a reduction in the quality, quantity of food as a consequence of the actions of catering companies. According to Footprint, worldwide the amount of food waste was about 1.05 billion tons, including inedible parts of food, which is 132 kilograms per capita, and also occupies almost a fifth of all products that are available to people, this data was presented in 2022.

The aim – to study the relevance and effectiveness of methods to reduce food waste in schools.

This article used the method of systematic review using the PRISMA flow chart, to conduct an analysis with a description of the literature found, articles with research in English published on such scientific databases as PubMed, Google scholar, published over the period from 2013 to 2023 were used.

According to the search results, five thousand eight hundred sixteen reports were viewed in PubMed, and 9,580 in Google scholar, the total number of articles was 15,396. After deleting duplicate articles, 15,385 remained, then the selection was carried out by name and the presence of keywords in it, after which 25 articles remained, further if the annotation indicated that the study the method of systematic review was used, if the content of the abstract did not coincide with the topic, or the study was not conducted in schools and if it was conducted in public catering facilities, these articles were excluded, after which the sum of the selected articles was 10.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Analyzing selected studies conducted in six countries around the world, it should be noted that there is a need to use effective methods to reduce food waste in schools. In some countries, both similar methods have been used, such as informing school children about food waste and nutrition at school, and unique ones, such as comparing allocated lunch time. The determination of the amount of food waste in the selected countries was carried out mainly by weighing and photographing dishes. Also, in some countries, studies have been conducted on food waste in schools, to determine which foods are often thrown away. Overall, this systematic review highlights the importance of measures to reduce food waste in schools.

Contribution

Contribution: Beisbekova A.K. – concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, data collection; Shukenova M.Z. – writing the text. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: August 2, 2024 / Revised: May 23, 2025 / Accepted: June 26, 2025 / Published: August 20, 2025

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.