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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-8-1080-1084</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">nlhwqu</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метаболомное исследование крови животных после ингаляционного воздействия наночастиц оксида свинца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Metabolomic study of animal blood after subchronic and chronic inhalation exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5576-365X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Унесихина</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Unesikhina</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. отд. молекулярной биологии и электронной микроскопии ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: unesihinams@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Electron Microscopy, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unesihinams@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-7845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>Ильзира Амировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ilzira-minigalieva@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology), head, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilzira-minigalieva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>Марина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, директор ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Director, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sutunkova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8794-7288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кикоть</surname><given-names>Анна Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kikot</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. молекулярной биологии и электронной микроскопии ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: kikotam@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Electron Microscopy, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kikotam@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>1080</fpage><lpage>1084</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Унесихина М.С., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Кикоть А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Унесихина М.С., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Кикоть А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Unesikhina M.S., Minigalieva I.A., Sutunkova M.P., Kikot A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5105">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5105</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Выбросы при различных технологических процессах и широкое применение наночастиц оксида свинца (НЧ PbO) определяют необходимость оценки их токсичности. Использование методов нецелевой метаболомики крови для изучения воздействия НЧ PbO на организм млекопитающих ранее в литературе не описывалось.</p><p>Цель работы – применение метаболомного анализа для изучения субхронического и хронического ингаляционного воздействия НЧ PbO на лабораторных животных.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проведён на 50 самках крыс, случайным образом разделённых на равные группы. Часть животных подвергалась ингаляционному воздействию НЧ PbO в течение двух месяцев: опытная группа и контроль. Другая часть животных подвергалась ингаляционному воздействию НЧ PbO в течение восьми месяцев: опытная группа и контроль. Концентрация НЧ PbO в зоне дыхания животных составляла 0,215 мг/м3. Полуколичественный метаболомный анализ крови проводился с помощью жидкостной хромато-масс-спектрометрии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам метаболомного анализа крови животных после двух месяцев воздействия было выявлено снижение содержания пяти лизофосфатидилхолинов (LPC), трёх лизофасфатидилэтаноламинов (LPE) и увеличение содержания одного LPC. При этом установлено, что воздействие НЧ PbO в той же концентрации в течение восьми месяцев вызывало увеличение содержания пяти LPC, четырёх ацилкарнитинов, двух полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, а также снижение одного LPC. Построенные ROC-кривые комбинации обнаруженных метаболитов имели значение AUC = 0,975 для субхронического воздействия и AUC = 0,948 для хронической экспозиции.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Данная работа выполнена на самках крыс породы Wistar и не учитывает возможных межполовых различий.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Метаболомные изменения крови после ингаляционного воздействия НЧ PbO в концентрации 0,215 мг/м3 характеризуются разнонаправленным нарушением липидного обмена на разных сроках, свидетельствующим, вероятно, об аутофагии после субхронического воздействия и апоптозе после хронической экспозиции.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследования были одобрены локальным этическим комитетом ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 4 от 12.07.2022 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Унесихина М.С. – сбор материала и обработка данных, статистическая обработка, написание текста, редактирование; Минигалиева И.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Кикоть А.М. – редактирование; Сутункова М.П. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 10.02.2025 / Поступила после доработки: 18.06.2025 / Принята к печати: 26.06.2025 / Опубликована: 25.09.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. High emissions from various technological processes and the increasing practical use of lead oxide nanoparticles (NPs PbO) make it relevant to assess their toxicity. The use of non-targeted blood metabolomics methods to study the effects of NPs PbO on mammalian organisms has not previously been described in the literature. </p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of this work</title><p>The purpose of this work. To apply metabolomic analysis to study the subchronic and chronic inhaled effects of NPs PbO on laboratory animals.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on fifty female rats randomly divided into equal groups. Some of the animals were exposed to inhaled NPs PbO for 2 months: experimental group and control. Another part of the animals was exposed to inhaled NPs PbO for 8 months: the experimental group and the control. The concentration of NPs PbO in the respiration zone of the animals was 0.215 mg/m3. A semi-quantitative metabolomic blood test was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the results of a metabolomic analysis of animal blood after 2 months of exposure, a decrease in the content of 5 LPC, 3 LPE and an increase in the content of 1 LPC were detected. At the same time, exposure to NPs PbO in the same concentration for 8 months was shown to cause an increase in the content of 5 LPC, 4 acylcarnitines, 2 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as a decrease in 1 LPC. The constructed ROC curves for the combination of the detected metabolites had an AUC = 0.975 for subchronic exposure and AUC = 0.948 for chronic exposure. </p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was conducted using female Wistar rats with no potential sex differences taken into account.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Metabolic changes in the blood after inhaled exposure to NPs PbO at a concentration of 0.215 mg/m3 are characterized by a multidirectional violation of lipid metabolism at different periods, probably indicating autophagy after subchronic exposure and apoptosis after chronic exposure.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. Ethics approval was provided by the institutional Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 4 of July 12, 2022).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Unesikhina M.S. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation, editing; Minigalieva I.A. — study conception and design, editing; Kikot A.M. — editing; Sutunkova M.P. — study conception and design, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 10, 2025 / Revised: June 18, 2025 / Accepted: June 26, 2025 / Published: September 25, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболиты</kwd><kwd>наночастицы свинца</kwd><kwd>токсичность наночастиц</kwd><kwd>эксперимент in vivo</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metabolites</kwd><kwd>lead nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>toxicity of nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>in vivo experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson C.H., Gonzalez F.J. 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