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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-10-1277-1283</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">olospp</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зависимость качества питьевой воды от трофического статуса питьевого водоисточника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependence of drinking water quality on the trophic status of the drinking water source</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4632-6060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлыстов</surname><given-names>Иван Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlystov</surname><given-names>Ivan A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр., зав. лаб. гигиены окружающей среды и экологии человека отд. комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: hlistovia@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, head, Laboratory of environmental health and human ecology, Department of complex problems of hygiene and disease prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: hlistovia@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hlistovia@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-0246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харькова</surname><given-names>Полина Константиновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharkova</surname><given-names>Polina K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. гигиены окружающей среды и экологии человека отд. комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения, ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: harkovapk@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Laboratory of environmental health and human ecology, Department of complex problems of hygiene and disease prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: harkovapk@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">harkovapk@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4976-346X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новосельцева</surname><given-names>Елизавета Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novoseltseva</surname><given-names>Elizaveta E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборант лаб. гигиены окружающей среды и экологии человека отд. комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: novoseltsevaee@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory assistant, Laboratory of environmental health and human ecology, Department of complex problems of hygiene and disease prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: novoseltsevaee@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novoseltsevaee@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3658-2113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самылкин</surname><given-names>Алексей Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samylkin</surname><given-names>Aleksey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. гигиены окружающей среды и экологии человека отд. комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: isaeva20a@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), senior researcher, Laboratory of environmental health and human ecology, Department of complex problems of hygiene and disease prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: isaeva20a@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">isaeva20a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8846-8016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штин</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtin</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. хим. наук, зав. отд. физико-химических методов исследования ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: shtintn@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Chemistry), head, Department of physical and chemical research methods, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: shtintn@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shtintn@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2726-9259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахаутдинова</surname><given-names>Рената Рашидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhautdinova</surname><given-names>Renata R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зав. диагностическим лабораторным отделением ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sahautdinova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), head, Diagnostic laboratory department, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sahautdinova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sahautdinova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-060X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондакова</surname><given-names>Лидия Вадимовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondakova</surname><given-names>Lidiya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. физико-химических методов исследования ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: kondakova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Department of physical and chemical research methods, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: kondakova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kondakova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-1575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевчик</surname><given-names>Анастасия Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchik</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. лаб. социально-гигиенического мониторинга и управления рисками отд. комплексных проблем гигиены и профилактики заболеваний населения ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: shevchik@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of public health surveillance and risk management, Department of complex hygiene problems and disease prevention, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: shevchik@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shevchik@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6475-7753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурвич</surname><given-names>Владимир Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurvich</surname><given-names>Vladimir B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, научный руководитель ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: gurvich@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), scientific director, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: gurvich@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurvich@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1277</fpage><lpage>1283</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хлыстов И.А., Харькова П.К., Новосельцева Е.Е., Самылкин А.А., Штин Т.Н., Сахаутдинова Р.Р., Кондакова Л.В., Шевчик А.А., Гурвич В.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хлыстов И.А., Харькова П.К., Новосельцева Е.Е., Самылкин А.А., Штин Т.Н., Сахаутдинова Р.Р., Кондакова Л.В., Шевчик А.А., Гурвич В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khlystov I.A., Kharkova P.K., Novoseltseva E.E., Samylkin A.A., Shtin T.N., Sakhautdinova R.R., Kondakova L.V., Shevchik A.A., Gurvich V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5223">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5223</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Вследствие климатических изменений и увеличения антропогенного воздействия ожидается рост числа эвтрофицированных водоёмов, что может отразиться на качестве питьевой воды. В настоящее время гигиеническая оценка при выборе хозяйственно-питьевых водоисточников не учитывает их экологического состояния.</p><p>Цель работы – сравнительный анализ воды водоисточника и питьевой воды с применением различных критериев трофности и загрязнения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы по гигиеническим и экологическим показателям физико-химические свойства воды поверхностного водоисточника до и после водоподготовки в разные сезоны за трёхлетний период. Трофность и загрязнение водоисточника определены в соответствии с имеющимися в литературе критериями. Для оценки прогноза отнесения гигиенических и экологических показателей водоисточника к типам трофности и загрязнения применён канонический дискриминантный анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены сезонные изменения содержания форм азота и растворённого кислорода в водоисточнике. Обнаружены сезонные превышения ПДК в воде водоисточника по БПК5 (1,5 раза), ХПК (1,1–3,8 раза), растворённому кислороду (2–2,9 раза) и в питьевой воде по перманганатной окисляемости (1,1–2 раза), мутности (1,2–2,6 раза). Трофический статус водоисточника был олиготрофным, мезотрофным, эвтрофным; уровень загрязнения варьировал от очень чистого до грязного. При олиготрофии водоисточника показатель перманганатной окисляемости питьевой воды превысил ПДК в 1,1 раза. Экологический тип воды водоисточника, характеризуемый как очень чистый (по минеральному азоту) либо олиготрофный (по БПК5), не соответствовал критериям безопасности и пригодности воды по гигиеническим нормативам.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Данное исследование не имеет ограничений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В систему гигиенической оценки воды должны быть включены показатели трофности и компоненты, связанные с происходящими в водоисточниках биологическими процессами.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует представления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Хлыстов И.А., Гурвич В.Б. – концепция и дизайн исследования, написание и редактирование текста, сбор данных литературы; Харькова П.К., Новосельцева Е.Е., Самылкин А.А. – обработка материала, сбор данных литературы; Штин Т.Н., Кондакова Л.В. – сбор и обработка материала; Сахаутдинова Р.Р. – написание и редактирование текста; Шевчик А.А. – статистическая обработка данных. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи и ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Благодарности</title><p>Благодарности. Авторы выражают благодарность старшему научному сотруднику отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики В.Г. Панову за помощь в статистической обработке данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 15.07.2025 / Принята к печати: 15.10.2025 / Опубликована: 14.11.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Due to the climate change and increased anthropogenic impact, a gain in the number of eutrophic water bodies is expected, which may affect the quality of drinking water. Currently, the hygienic assessment conducted for selection of domestic and drinking water sources neglect their ecological state.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim of the study</title><p>The aim of the study. To compare the composition of water in the water source with that of treated water using various trophicity and pollution criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We have analyzed physicochemical characteristics of surface and treated water in different seasons over a three-year period. The trophicity and pollution of the water source were assessed in accordance with the criteria available in literature. We used the canonical discriminant analysis to evaluate the forecast for assigning quality and safety indicators of the water source to trophicity and pollution types.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We revealed seasonal changes in the levels of nitrogen forms and dissolved oxygen in the water source. We also established the seasonal excess of maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) for BOD5 (1.5 times), COD (1.1 to 3.8 times), and dissolved oxygen (2.0 to 2.9 times) in the water source and for permanganate index (1.1 to 2.0 times) and turbidity (1.2 to 2.6 times) in treated water. The trophic status of the water source was oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic; the pollution level varied from very clean to dirty. In case of oligotrophy of the water source, the permanganate index in drinking water demonstrated a 1.1-fold excess of the MAC. The ecological type of water source characterized as very clean (in terms of mineral nitrogen) or oligotrophic (in terms of BOD5) did not meet the established criteria for water quality and safety.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. This study has no limitations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The system of water quality and safety assessment should include trophicity indicators and components associated with biological processes occurring in water sources.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. This study does not require the conclusion of a biomedical ethics committee or other documents.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Khlystov I.A., Gurvich V.B. – study conception and design, draft manuscript preparation and editing, bibliography compilation and referencing; Kharkova P.K., Novoseltseva E.E., Samylkin A.A. – data processing, bibliography compilation and referencing; Shtin T.N., Kondakova L.V. – data collection and processing; Sakhautdinova R.R. – draft manuscript preparation and editing; Shevchik A.A. – statistical data analysis. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgment</title><p>Acknowledgment. The authors express their gratitude to V.G. Panov, the senior researcher of the Department of toxicology and bioprophylaxis for help in statistical processing of data.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: July 7, 2025 / Accepted: October 15, 2025 / Published: November 14, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>источники питьевого водоснабжения</kwd><kwd>трофический статус</kwd><kwd>загрязнённость</kwd><kwd>дискриминантный анализ</kwd><kwd>водоподготовка</kwd><kwd>питьевая вода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drinking water supply sources</kwd><kwd>trophic status</kwd><kwd>pollution</kwd><kwd>discriminant analysis</kwd><kwd>water treatment</kwd><kwd>drinking water</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kakade A., Salama E.S., Han H., Zheng Y., Kulshrestha S., Jalalah M., et al. 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