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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-10-1356-1362</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">utncqd</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Снижение негативного действия свинца на фоне физической нагрузки в субхроническом эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Attenuation of adverse effects of lead exposure against background of the physical load in a subchronic experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-8593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>Ильзира Амировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology), head, Department of toxicology and bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilzira@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>Марина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, директор ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), director, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sutunkova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0780-5733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никогосян</surname><given-names>Карен Мерсопович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikogosyan</surname><given-names>Karen M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Department of toxicology and bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1356</fpage><lpage>1362</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Никогосян К.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Никогосян К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Minigalieva I.A., Sutunkova M.P., Nikogosyan K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5235">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5235</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Свинец является высоковостребованным в мире металлом и связан с технологическим циклом на многих обогатительных, металлургических, машиностроительных предприятиях. Известно, что физическая нагрузка, с которой сопряжены условия труда в металлургическом производстве, может неоднозначно влиять на развитие интоксикации, в том числе усиливать её.</p><p>Цель исследования – научно обосновать и экспериментально апробировать на лабораторных животных биопрофилактический комплекс (БПК), предназначенный для повышения резистентности организма к умеренно выраженной свинцовой интоксикации на фоне умеренной физической нагрузки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Свинцовая интоксикация моделировалась на аутбредных крысах-самцах путём внутрибрюшинного введения ацетата свинца в суммарной дозе 198 мг/кг массы тела в течение 6 нед. Контрольные животные получали физиологический раствор в таком же объёме. Физическая нагрузка моделировалась с помощью беговой дорожки для грызунов. Часть животных получала специальный БПК, в который входили следующие компоненты: энтеросорбент (пектин яблочный), мембраностабилизатор (глютаминовая кислота), антагонист свинца кальций в сочетании с витамином D3, магний, калий, йод и некоторые антиоксиданты – омега-3 жирные кислоты, витамин С, рутин, ацетилцистеин и др.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Физическая нагрузка сама по себе практически не изменяла изученные параметры, но усиливала токсические эффекты свинца при сочетанном действии: усугублялась анемия, увеличивалась доля патологически изменённых сперматозоидов, но не снижалась их жизнеспособность. На фоне биопрофилактики наблюдалось уменьшение выраженности упомянутых вредных эффектов.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование было ограничено использованием лабораторных животных одного пола и возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанный биопрофилактический комплекс может служить вспомогательным инструментом, нацеленным на снижение рисков для здоровья лиц, чей профессиональный труд сопряжён с негативным воздействием соединений свинца и физической нагрузкой.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Проведение эксперимента одобрено локальной комиссией по биоэтике ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 8 от 27.02.2020 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Минигалиева И.А. – редактирование, обработка данных, написание текста; Сутункова М.П. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Никогосян К.М. – редактирование, сбор материала, написание текста. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 17.06.2025 / Поступила после доработки: 17.07.2025 / Принята к печати: 15.10.2025 / Опубликована: 14.11.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Occupational lead exposure poses danger due to large economic losses mainly associated with a decrease in working life expectancy. It is common knowledge that physical activity, which is inherent to working conditions in metallurgy, can affect poisoning in different ways, including enhancing it.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To substantiate and test a bioprophylactic complex (BPC) aimed at increasing the resistance of the organism to moderate lead intoxication combined with moderate physical activity in an animal experiment.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Lead poisoning was modeled on outbred male rats by intraperitoneal administration of lead acetate to the exposure groups in a total dose of 198 mg/kg body weight during 6 weeks. Control animals received saline in a similar volume. Physical activity was modeled using a small rodent treadmill. Some animals were also administered a special BPC which included the following components: enterosorbent – apple pectin, membrane stabilizer – glutamic acid, lead antagonist calcium in combination with vitamin D3, magnesium, potassium, iodine, and some antioxidants – Omega-3, vitamin C, rutin, acetylcysteine, and others.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Physical exercise itself did not affect the parameters under study but aggravated toxic effects of lead when combined: anemia worsened and, the proportion of abnormal spermatozoa rose (without a decrease in their viability, however). Administration of the bioprophylactic complex mitigated the adverse effects mentioned above.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was limited to using laboratory animals of the same sex and age.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed complex can serve as an auxiliary tool aimed at reducing health risks to individuals occupationally exposed to lead compounds and physical work.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The experiment was approved by the local Bioethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No.8 of 27.02.2020).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Minigalieva I.A. — data analysis, draft manuscript preparation, editing; Sutunkova M.P. — study conception and design; Nikogosyan K.M. — data collection, draft manuscript preparation, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: June 17, 2025 / Revised: July 17, 2025 / Accepted: October 15, 2025 / Published: November 14, 2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свинец</kwd><kwd>интоксикация</kwd><kwd>мышечные нагрузки</kwd><kwd>биопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>биопрофилактический комплекс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lead</kwd><kwd>poisoning</kwd><kwd>muscle loading</kwd><kwd>bioprophylaxis</kwd><kwd>bioprophylactic complex</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный доклад «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2022 году». М.; 2023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">State report «On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2022». Moscow; 2023. 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