medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-11-1399-1406lalzwemedlit-5285Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEСоциально-гигиенические детерминанты заболеваемости гриппом и острой респираторной вирусной инфекциейSocial hygienic determinants of the occurrence of influenza and acute respiratory viral infectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-1145ЗайцеваНина ВладимировнаZaitsevaNina V.

Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН» Роспотребнадзора, 614045, Пермь, Россия

e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru

DSc (Medicine), professor, academician of the RAS, scientific director, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru

znv@fcrisk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-5713КлейнСветлана ВладиславовнаKleynSvetlana V.

Доктор мед. наук, доцент, профессор РАН, зам. директора по научной работе ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН» Роспотребнадзора, 614045, Пермь, Россия

e-mail: kleyn@fcrisk.ru

DSc (Medicine), associate professor, professor of the RAS, deputy director for research, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

e-mail: kleyn@fcrisk.ru

kleyn@fcrisk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5406-4961КирьяновДмитрий АлександровичKiryanovDmitry A.

Канд. техн. наук, зав. отд. математического моделирования систем и процессов ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН» Роспотребнадзора, 614045, Пермь, Россия

e-mail: kda@fcrisk.ru

PhD (Engineering), head of the Department of systems and processes mathematical modeling, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

e-mail: kda@fcrisk.ru

kda@fcrisk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4755-8306ГлухихМаксим ВладиславовичGlukhikhMaxim V.

Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. системных методов санитарно-гигиенического анализа и мониторинга ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН» Роспотребнадзора, 614045, Пермь, Россия

e-mail: gluhih@fcrisk.ru

PhD (Medicine)s, senior research fellow at the Department of Sanitary and Hygienic Analysis and Monitoring Systemic Methods, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation

e-mail: gluhih@fcrisk.ru

gluhih@fcrisk.ruФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» РоспотребнадзораРоссияFederal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management TechnologiesRussian Federation2025191220251041113991406Copyright © Зайцева Н.В., Клейн С.В., Кирьянов Д.А., Глухих М.В., 20252025Зайцева Н.В., Клейн С.В., Кирьянов Д.А., Глухих М.В.Zaitseva N.V., Kleyn S.V., Kiryanov D.A., Glukhikh M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5285Введение

Введение. Временное снижение показателей заболеваемости и смертности по причине гриппа и ОРВИ в период пандемии COVID-19 не снизило их эпидемиологической значимости. Несмотря на известную регулирующую роль социальных и природных условий в фазовых преобразованиях эпидемического процесса, в научной литературе достаточно мало исследований, посвящённых комплексному влиянию факторов среды обитания на течение рассматриваемых инфекций.

Цель исследования – установить социально-гигиенические детерминанты заболеваемости гриппом и ОРВИ для разработки дифференцированных подходов к реализации профилактических мер.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Результаты исследования основаны на базе открытых данных Росстата и ведомственных материалов Роспотребнадзора за период с 2010 по 2022 г. В работе было использовано 232 индикатора, описывающих гигиенические и эпидемиологические аспекты, климатические особенности, экономические и социальные параметры, а также образ жизни граждан и медицинскую инфраструктуру на уровне субъектов Российской Федерации в годовом измерении.

Результаты

Результаты. Установлены факторы, которые могут оказывать влияние на заболеваемость гриппом и ОРВИ: объём выбросов загрязняющих веществ в атмосферу (r = 0,12 и r = 0,23 соответственно); доля работников, занятых в условиях, не соответствующих санитарным нормам труда (r = 0,13–0,29); мощность ультрафиолетового излучения B; среднемесячная горизонтальная радиация; среднее количество осадков (r = 0,12–0,7); доля городского населения (r = 0,13 и r = 0,59); розничные продажи алкогольной продукции (r = 0,27–0,53); валовый региональный продукт (r = 0,08–0,42); численность среднего медицинского персонала (r = 0,14; r = 0,36); мощность амбулаторно-поликлинических организаций (r = 0,41) и др.

К ограничениям исследования можно отнести анализируемый набор данных (показатели, временной диапазон).

Заключение

Заключение. Полученные материалы о связи факторов среды обитания и поведенческих особенностей населения с распространённостью респираторных вирусных инфекций могут послужить основой для разработки профилактических мер, направленных на улучшение санитарно-эпидемиологической ситуации в регионах.

Соблюдение этических стандартов. Для проведения данного исследования не требовалось заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике, поскольку оно выполнено с использованием общедоступных данных официальной статистики.

Участие авторов

Участие авторов: Зайцева Н.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи; Клейн С.В., Кирьянов Д.А. – редактирование, написание текста, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи; Глухих М.В. – сбор и обработка материала, статистическая обработка данных, написание текста. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 01.08.2025 / Принята к печати: 03.11.2025 / Опубликована: 19.12.2025

Introduction

Introduction. A temporary decline in incidence and mortality caused by influenza and  acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) during the COVID-19 pandemic did not decrease their significance for population health. Despite a well-known regulation role that belongs to social and environmental conditions in phase transformations of an epidemic process, there are scarce studies in research literature that focus on investigating complex effects produced by environmental factors on the clinical course of the analyzed infections.

The aim of this study

The aim of this study. To identify social-and hygienic determinants of influenza and ARVI incidence.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The study results were obtained by using open data published by Rosstat and departmental materials of Rospotrebnadzor over the period between 2010 and 2022. Overall, 232 indicators were used in the study; they described hygienic and epidemiological aspects, peculiar climatic conditions, financial and social parameters as well as people’s habits and healthcare infrastructure in Russian regions taken on the annual basis.

Results

Results. The study found several key factors affecting influenza and ARVI incidence. They included the following indicators: volumes of pollutant emissions into ambient air (r=0.12 and r=0.23 respectively); proportion of workers exposed to working conditions not conforming to safe standards (r=0.13–0.29); UVB, average monthly horizontal radiation and average precipitation volumes (r=0.12–0.7); the proportion of urban population (r=0.13 and r=0.59); volumes of alcohol sales (r=0.27–0.53); gross regional product (r=0.08–0.42); the number of middle-level healthcare workers (r=0.14; r=0.36); capacity of polyclinics (r=0.41) and others.

Limitations

Limitations. The study limitations are related to the analyzed dataset (selected indicators and time period).

Conclusion

Conclusion. The identified peculiar effects produced by these factors as well as lifestyles can be used for substantiating medical and preventive activities aimed at improving the sanitary-epidemiological situations in the country.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study did not require the conclusion of a biomedical ethics committee or other documents (the study was performed using publicly available official statistics).

Contributions

Contributions: Zaitseva N.V. — research concept and design, editing the text; Kleyn S.V., Kiryanov D.A. — writing and editing the text; Glukhikh M.V. — data collection and statistical analysis, writing the test. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: August 1, 2025 / Accepted: November  3, 2025 / Published: December 19, 2025

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.