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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-12-1598-1603</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">kkksnj</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5329</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нефтепродукты в почве: систематический анализ источников, компонентного состава и методов контроля (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>petroleum products in soil: a systematic analysis of sources, component composition, and control methods (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2155-9754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибрагимова</surname><given-names>Саида Шахрамазановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibragimova</surname><given-names>Saida Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Специалист отд. гигиены ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: SIbragimova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Specialist, Hygiene department, Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: SIbragimova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SIbragimova@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-9010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Oushakova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), leading researcher, Hygiene department, Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Oushakova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Oushakova@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-0192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеева</surname><given-names>Ирина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseeva</surname><given-names>Irina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. гигиены ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: Ievseeva@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), senior researcher at the hygiene department, Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: Ievseeva@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ievseeva@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7942-8004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>Сергей Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>Sergey M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, и.о. генерального директора ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: info@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, acting general director, Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical-biological agency of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail info@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-5753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водянова</surname><given-names>Мария Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodianova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, учёный секретарь ФГБУ «ЦСП» ФМБА России, 119121, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: MVodyanova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific secretary, PhD (Biology), Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia, Moscow, 119121, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail MVodianova@cspfmba.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MVodyanova@cspfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Strategic Planning of the Federal medical and biological agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1598</fpage><lpage>1603</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ибрагимова С.Ш., Ушакова О.В., Евсеева И.С., Юдин С.М., Водянова М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ибрагимова С.Ш., Ушакова О.В., Евсеева И.С., Юдин С.М., Водянова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ibragimova S.S., Ushakova O.V., Evseeva I.S., Yudin S.M., Vodianova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5329">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5329</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – комплексный анализ современных данных о нефтяном загрязнении почв как источнике гигиенической опасности, оценка воздействия на здоровье человека и обзор нормативного регулирования в Российской Федерации. Проведён обзор более 40 научных публикаций из баз данных Google Scholar, CyberLeninka, eLIBRARY, PubMed, Scopus.</p><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология: оценка источников и масштабов загрязнения, анализ компонентного состава и поведения загрязнителей в почве, критика нормативной базы (СанПиН 1.2.3685–21, СанПиН 2.1.3684–21). Показано, что нефтяное загрязнение приводит к деградации почвенных экосистем и угрожает здоровью профессиональных групп и населения, проживающего в нефтедобывающих регионах. Установлено, что действующие санитарные правила не содержат ПДК для нефти и нефтепродуктов в почве, что является серьёзным ограничением эффективного санитарного контроля. Существующие методы суммарного определения нефтеуглеводородов в почве часто неселективны и метрологически не аттестованы для гигиенических исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для решения задачи гигиенической оценки нефтяного загрязнения почв необходима консолидация усилий по следующим направлениям: разработка и утверждение дифференцированных ПДК для нефти и основных нефтепродуктов в почве; совершенствование и метрологическая аттестация аналитических методов контроля; внедрение научно обоснованных технологий ремедиации с учётом региональных особенностей. Комплексный подход является условием обеспечения экологической безопасности и сохранения здоровья населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Ибрагимова С.Ш. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование; Ушакова О.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование; Евсеева И.С. – сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование; Водянова М.А. – концепция исследования, редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 01.10.2025 / Принята к печати: 02.12.2025 / Опубликована: 15.01.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. A comprehensive analysis of current data on oil pollution of soils as a source of hygienic hazard, including an assessment of the impact on human health and analysis of the regulatory framework in the Russian Federation.</p><p>A review of more than forty scientific reports from Google Scholar, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, PubMed, and Scopus databases was conducted. The methodology included an assessment of the sources and extent of pollution, an analysis of the component composition and behavior of pollutants in soil, and a critique of the regulatory framework (SanPiN 1.2.3685–21, SanPiN 2.1.3684–21).</p><p>Oil pollution was shown to lead to the degradation of soil ecosystems and poses a multicomponent hazard to the health of occupational groups and the population living in oil-producing regions. The current sanitary regulations was found to fail to contain Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MACs) for oil and petroleum products in soil, which is a serious limitation for effective sanitary control. The existing methods for the total determination of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil are often non-selective and lack proper metrological certification for hygienic research.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Addressing the hygienic problem of oil pollution of soils requires consolidated efforts in the following areas: development and approval of differentiated MACs for oil and main petroleum products in soil; improvement and metrological certification of analytical control methods; implementation of scientifically based remediation technologies considering regional specifics. A comprehensive approach is a prerequisite for ensuring environmental safety and preserving public health.</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions: Ibragimova S.Sh. – research concept and design, data collection and processing, text writing, editing; Ushakova O.V. – research concept and design, text writing, editing; Evseeva I.S. – data collection and processing, text writing, editing; Vodianova M.A. – research concept, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study was performed within the framework of the state assignment.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 1, 2025 / Accepted: December 2, 2025 / Published: January 15, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нефтяное загрязнение</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>гигиеническое нормирование</kwd><kwd>предельно допустимая концентрация</kwd><kwd>канцерогены</kwd><kwd>нефтепродукты</kwd><kwd>нефть</kwd><kwd>нефтеуглеводороды</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oil pollution</kwd><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>hygiene regulation</kwd><kwd>maximum allowable concentration (MAC)</kwd><kwd>carcinogens</kwd><kwd>petroleum products</kwd><kwd>oil</kwd><kwd>petroleum hydrocarbons</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Филимонова И.В., Немов В.Ю., Дзюба Ю.А. 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