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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-12-1757-1763</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">euwnpe</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5353</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОЦЕНКА РИСКОВ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка риска для здоровья населения Пермского края, обусловленного болезнями органов дыхания, при воздействии загрязнения атмосферного воздуха в условиях волн жары</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of health risks caused by respiratory diseases upon exposure to ambient air pollution during heat waves in Perm region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-1145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», Пермь, 614045, Россия</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, academician of the RAS, scientific director, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Managing Population Health Risks, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znv@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5171-3105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шур</surname><given-names>Павел Залманович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shur</surname><given-names>Pavel Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, гл. науч. сотр. – учёный секретарь ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», Пермь, 614045, Россия. E-mail: shur@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), secretary of the academic council, chief researcher, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Managing Population Health Risks, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: shur@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shur@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-0358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>Анна Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. анализа риска здоровью ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», Пермь, 614045, Россия</p><p>e-mail: khasanova@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Health risk analysis department, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Managing Population Health Risks, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: khasanova@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khasanova@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0345-3895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигвинцев</surname><given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chigvintsev</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. ситуационного моделирования и экспертно-аналитических методов управления ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», Пермь, 614045, Россия</p><p>e-mail: cvm@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of situational modeling and expert-analytical methods of management, department of mathematical modeling of systems and processes, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Technologies for Managing Population Health Risks, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: cvm@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cvm@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1757</fpage><lpage>1763</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зайцева Н.В., Шур П.З., Хасанова А.А., Чигвинцев В.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Н.В., Шур П.З., Хасанова А.А., Чигвинцев В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaitseva N.V., Shur P.Z., Khasanova A.A., Chigvintsev V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5353">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5353</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Нарастание антропогенной нагрузки в сочетании с климатическими изменениями обусловливает актуальность задач обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения. Риск для здоровья, обусловленный болезнями органов дыхания, связанный с химическим загрязнением атмосферного воздуха, может увеличиваться в условиях волн жары, в том числе за счёт повышения уязвимости респираторной системы к воздействию химических веществ.</p><p>Цель исследования – количественная оценка риска для здоровья, обусловленного болезнями органов дыхания, при воздействии на население химического загрязнения атмосферного воздуха в условиях волн жары на примере промышленно развитого региона (Пермского края).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Расчёт вероятности заболеваемости выполнен при помощи логистических регрессионных моделей. Использованы показатели среднесуточной температуры атмосферного воздуха (аномально тёплые дни), деперсонифицированные показатели заболеваемости, среднесуточные концентрации химических веществ в атмосферном воздухе городов Пермского края.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что у населения Пермского края уровни риска, обусловленные обострением астмы и хронического бронхита в связи с загрязнением атмосферного воздуха оксидом азота, ксилолами и серы диоксидом выше в условиях волн жары, чем в отсутствие аномально тёплых дней. При фактических концентрациях химических веществ ниже ПДК риск находится в диапазоне приемлемых значений, а период достижения неприемлемого уровня риска составляет от 5 до 22 аномально тёплых дней в зависимости от химического вещества и возрастной группы населения. При увеличении концентраций до уровня ПДК период достижения неприемлемого уровня риска составляет от 1 до 16 аномально тёплых дней.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничение исследования</title><p>Ограничение исследования. Логистические регрессионные модели построены с использованием данных по городам одного региона Российской Федерации (Пермский край).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Загрязнение атмосферного воздуха в условиях волн жары приводит к увеличению риска обострения болезней органов дыхания, что необходимо учитывать при разработке профилактических мероприятий в рамках программ по адаптации населения к изменениям климата.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требовало заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике, так как выполнено с использованием данных территориального фонда обязательного медицинского страхования (ТФОМС).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов: Зайцева Н.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Шур П.З. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Хасанова А.А. – сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование, математическая обработка данных; Чигвинцев В.М. – математическая обработка данных. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 22.10.2025 / Принята к печати: 02.12.2025 / Опубликована: 15.01.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Growing human impacts on the environment together with ongoing climate change make provision of sanitary-epidemiological wellbeing of the population a truly vital issue. Health risks associated with chemical ambient air pollution and caused by respiratory diseases can grow during heat waves, among other things, due to greater susceptibility of the respiratory system to chemical exposures.</p><p>The aim of this study was to quantify respiratory health risks upon exposure to chemical ambient air pollution during heat waves in an industrially developed region (the Perm region) used as an example.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Likelihood of respiratory diseases was calculated by using logistic regression models. The calculations were based on the following indicators: average daily air temperatures (abnormally warm days), depersonalized incidence rates, and average daily concentrations of chemicals in ambient air in cities in the Perm region.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Risk levels caused by exacerbated asthma and chronic bronchitis among the regional population and associated with such ambient air pollutants as nitrogen oxide, xylenes, and sulfur dioxide were found to be higher during heat waves against their levels without allowing for abnormally warm days. When chemical levels are below MPC in ambient air, the risks are within their acceptable ranges and a period, during which they grow up to unacceptable levels, is between 5 and 22 abnormally warm days depending on a chemical and age group. When chemical levels grow up to MPC, health risks become unacceptable over a period from 1 to 16 abnormally warm days.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Logistic regression models were built using data on settlements in only one region of the Russian Federation (the Perm region).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Ambient air pollution during heat waves creates elevated health risks caused by exacerbation of respiratory diseases. This should be considered when developing preventive activities within programs for population adaptation to climate change.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study did not require approval by the local ethics committee (it was accomplished using data provided by the regional office of the Mandatory Medical Insurance Fund).</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions: Zaitseva N.V. – study concept and design, Editing the text; Shur P.Z. – study concept and design, Editing the text; Khasanova А.А. – data collection and analysis, writing and editing the text, mathematical data analysis; Chigvintsev V.М. – mathematical data analysis. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: October 22, 2025 / Accepted: December 2, 2025 / Published: January 15, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оценка риска для здоровья населения</kwd><kwd>волны жары</kwd><kwd>аномально тёплые дни</kwd><kwd>болезни органов дыхания</kwd><kwd>загрязнение атмосферного воздуха</kwd><kwd>изменение климата и здоровье</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>health risk assessment</kwd><kwd>heat waves</kwd><kwd>abnormally warm days</kwd><kwd>respiratory diseases</kwd><kwd>ambient air pollution</kwd><kwd>climate change and health</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grigorieva E., Lukyanets A. combined effect of hot weather and outdoor air pollution on respiratory health: literature review. 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