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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-4-355-361</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-550</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика биомаркеров токсичности окадаиковой кислоты in vivo</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of biomarkers of the toxicity of okadaic acid in vivo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3174-2675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багрянцева</surname><given-names>Ольга Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagryantseva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. пищевой токсикологии и оценки безопасности нанотехнологий ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии».</p><p>e-mail: bagryantseva@ion.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of biological sciences, leading researcher of the laboratory of food toxicology and safety assessment nanotechnology of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: bagryantseva@ion.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bagryantseva@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-6508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гмошинский</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gmoshinsky</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстратова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstratova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трушина</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trushina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафина</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сото</surname><given-names>Х. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soto</surname><given-names>Kh. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7149-2485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ригер</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Riger</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумакова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shymakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-9649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хотимченко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khotimchenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety; I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>355</fpage><lpage>361</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Багрянцева О.В., Гмошинский И.В., Евстратова А.Д., Трушина Э.Н., Мустафина О.К., Сото Х.С., Ригер Н.А., Шумакова А.А., Хотимченко С.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Багрянцева О.В., Гмошинский И.В., Евстратова А.Д., Трушина Э.Н., Мустафина О.К., Сото Х.С., Ригер Н.А., Шумакова А.А., Хотимченко С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bagryantseva O.V., Gmoshinsky I.V., Evstratova A.D., Trushina E.N., Mustafina O.K., Soto K.S., Riger N.A., Shymakova A.A., Khotimchenko S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/550">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/550</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Окадаиковая кислота (ОК) относится к числу токсинов морепродуктов, вызывающих диарею. В настоящее время установлены показатели токсичности ОК, определены основные молекулы-мишени её действия, её роль в качестве промотора опухолевых процессов и апоптоза. Однако в доступной литературе практически отсутствуют данные о токсикокинетике ОК и молекулярных биомаркерах её действия для теплокровных животных. Целью настоящей работы явилось определение биомаркеров токсичности ОК в экспериментах in vivo и ex vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Эксперимент проведен на 74 крысах самцах линии Wistar исходной массой тела 100 ± 10 г. В работе использовали препарат ОК производства фирмы «Fermentec Ltd.» (Израиль) в виде метанольного раствора. Перед проведением исследований метанол удаляли из препарата. Для получения рабочих разведений токсина аликвоты спиртового раствора ОК концентрацией 10 мг/мл разбавляли стерильным раствором 0,15 М NaCl с получением растворов концентрацией ОК 50, 100 и 150 мкг/мл. Указанные растворы вводили крысам указанных групп однократно в дозах 1 мл/кг массы тела внутрибрюшинно. Животным контрольных групп вводили раствор NaCl. Выведение животных из эксперимента осуществляли через 6, 24 и 168 ч после введения препаратов ОК путём декапитации под эфирной анестезией. Определяли массу внутренних органов, биохимические и гематологические показатели крови, активность глутатионпероксидазы, небелковых тиолов в печени, уровни цитокинов IFN-g, IL-10, IL-17A в плазме крови и в лизатах клеток печени, апоптоз клеток печени, уровень малонового диальдегида в печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведённые исследования показали, что минимальные проявления токсического действия окадаиковой кислоты при её внутрибрюшинном введении (сдвиги в соотношении нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов, повышение активности АСТ, изменения активности глутатионпероксидазы) наблюдаются уже при дозе 50 мкг/кг м. т. С учётом коэффициента безопасности, равного трём, безопасный уровень острого воздействия ОК (ARfD) должен быть пересмотрен и составлять 0,27 мкг/кг м. т. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о необходимости проведения дополнительных оценок рисков этого токсина для здоровья потребителей и, возможно, пересмотра установленных значений безопасного содержания этого токсина в моллюсках. Впервые показана возможность использования в качестве маркеров токсического действия окадаиковой кислоты в эксперименте следующих показателей окислительного метаболизма: тиоловых соединений, активности глутатионпероксидазы, содержания малонового диальдегида в печени.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Okadaic acid (OA) is relating to the number of seafood toxins causing diarrhea. At the present time, there was determined the toxicity index of OA; the main target molecules of its action, its role as a promoter of tumor processes and apoptosis have been investigated. However, in the available literature, data on the toxicokinetics of OA and molecular biomarkers of its action for warm-blooded animals are practically absent. The purpose of this work was to determine biomarkers of toxicity of OA in experiments in vivo and ex vivo. The experiment was performed on 74 male Wistar rats with an initial body weight of 100 ± 10 g. In the work, there was used a solution of OA in methanol, produced by “Fermentec Ltd.” (Israel). Prior to the studies, methanol was removed from the preparation. To obtain working dilutions of the toxin, aliquots of the alcoholic OA solution with a concentration of 10 ppm were diluted with a sterile solution of 0.15M NaCl to obtain solutions with a concentration of OA of 50, 100 and 150 ppb. These solutions were administered to the rats in doses of 1 ml/kg of body weight intraperitoneally. The animals of the control groups were injected with NaCl solution. Excretion of animals from the experiment was carried out 6, 24 and 168 hours after the administration of OA preparations by decapitation under ether anesthesia. The mass of internal organs, biochemical and hematological blood indices, the activity of glutathione peroxidase, non-protein thiols in the liver, cytokine levels of IFN-ɤ, IL-10, IL-17A in blood plasma and liver cell lysates, liver cell apoptosis, malonic dialdehyde level in the liver were analyzed. Studies have shown minimal manifestations of toxic effects of OA in case of intraperitoneal administration (shifts in the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes, increased activity of AST, changes in the activity of glutathione peroxidase) to be observed even at a dose of 50 μg/kg of body weight. Taking into account the safety factor of 3, the ARfD level of OA should be revised and accepted to be equal to 0.27 μg/kg of body weight. The data obtained indicate the need for additional risk assessments of this toxin for the health of consumers and, possibly, a revision of the established values of the safe content of this toxin in mollusks. For the first time, there was shown the possibility of using the following marker of toxic action of OA: non-protein thiols, the activity of glutathione peroxidase, and the content of malonic dialdehyde in the liver.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>окадаиковая кислота</kwd><kwd>маркеры токсического действия</kwd><kwd>тиоловые соединени</kwd><kwd>глутатионпероксидаз</kwd><kwd>малоновый диальдегид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>okadaic acid</kwd><kwd>markers of toxic action</kwd><kwd>thiol compounds</kwd><kwd>glutathione peroxidase</kwd><kwd>malonic dialdehyde</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marine biotoxins. FAO food and nutrition paper 80, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.-Rome. 2004: 53-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marine biotoxins. 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