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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-3-308-313</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ndhwzy</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5559</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности распределения кадмия в организме в условиях субхронической интоксикации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of cadmium distribution in the body under conditions of subchronic intoxication</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4376-4284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>Владимир Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, профессор, зав. каф. биологии, медицинской генетики и экологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: medecol1@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology) sciences, professor, head, Department of biology, medical genetics, and ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: medecol1@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medecol1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4789-3372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабкина</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babkina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, доцент, доцент каф. биологии, медицинской генетики и экологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: L-Babkina@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), associate professor, Department of biology, medical genetics, and ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: L-Babkina@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">L-Babkina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7948-7290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фелькер</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Felker</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент, доцент каф. хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: felkerev@kursksmu.net</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), associate professor, Department of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: felkerev@kursksmu.net</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">felkerev@kursksmu.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7662-8343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усачев</surname><given-names>Максим Антонович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usachev</surname><given-names>Maxim A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант каф. биологии, медицинской генетики и экологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России</p><p>e-mail: usachev.macsim@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student, Department of biology, medical genetics, and ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: usachev.macsim@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usachev.macsim@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0783-6497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чертова</surname><given-names>Регина Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chertova</surname><given-names>Regina Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант, ассистент каф. биологии, медицинской генетики и экологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: chertovary@kursksmu.net</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student, assistant lecturer, Department of biology, medical genetics, and ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: chertovary@kursksmu.net</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chertovary@kursksmu.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9374-5058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемова</surname><given-names>Ирина Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemova</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент каф. микробиологии, вирусологии, иммунологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: artemovaia@kursksmu.net</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant lecturer, Department of microbiology, virology, and immunology Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: artemovaia@kursksmu.net</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemovaia@kursksmu.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2200-8383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магомедова</surname><given-names>Диана Радимовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Magomedova</surname><given-names>Diana R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент каф. биологии, медицинской генетики и экологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: magomedovadr@kursksmu.net</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant lecturer, Department of biology, medical genetics, and ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: magomedovadr@kursksmu.net</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">magomedovadr@kursksmu.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5139-3850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжаев</surname><given-names>Вадим Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhaev</surname><given-names>Vadim A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент 5-го курса педиатрического факультета ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России, 305041, Курск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ryzhaev.vadim.2016@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5th year student, Pediatric Faculty, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, 305041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ryzhaev.vadim.2016@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryzhaev.vadim.2016@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>308</fpage><lpage>313</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Королев В.А., Бабкина Л.А., Фелькер Е.В., Усачев М.А., Чертова Р.Ю., Артемова И.А., Магомедова Д.Р., Рыжаев В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Королев В.А., Бабкина Л.А., Фелькер Е.В., Усачев М.А., Чертова Р.Ю., Артемова И.А., Магомедова Д.Р., Рыжаев В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korolev V.A., Babkina L.A., Felker E.V., Usachev M.A., Chertova R.Y., Artemova I.A., Magomedova D.R., Ryzhaev V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5559">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5559</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Кадмий (Cd) относится к приоритетным экополлютантам, поступление его в организм животных в количествах, недостаточных для гибели или острых последствий, может сопровождаться избирательным накоплением в различных органах и тканях и приводить к негативным эффектам.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для эксперимента использовали половозрелых самцов крыс линии Wistar. Экспериментальные группы 28 дней получали с питьевой водой дигидрат ацетата кадмия в дозе 1/50 LD50, затем в течение 28 дней – обычную питьевую воду. Контрольные группы получали обычную питьевую воду. Содержание кадмия в 19 биологических средах определяли атомно-адсорбционным методом («КВАНТ-2АТ», Россия) на 7-й, 14-й, 21-й, 28-й и 56-й дни.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Повышенный уровень кадмия по сравнению с контролем в условиях субхронической интоксикации наблюдается на 7-й день во всех исследуемых биологических средах за исключением тканей десны и головного мозга. Максимальное накопление кадмия отмечается в печени, тонком кишечнике, почках и плазме; после прекращения поступления в организм уровень Cd восстанавливается до контрольных значений в подчелюстных слюнных железах, головном мозге и лёгких.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Для эксперимента были использованы лабораторные животные только одной линии Wistar. Токсикант вводили перорально в виде дигидрата ацетата кадмия одной концентрации.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Сродство кадмия к различным биологическим средам характеризуется значительной вариабельностью в течение всего периода интоксикации. Печень, тонкий кишечник, почки и плазма выступают аккумуляторами Cd. Наиболее вероятным индикатором интоксикации кадмием организма животного служит концентрация этого элемента в тканях печени и почках.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено региональным этическим комитетом Курского государственного медицинского университета (протокол № 3 от 17 октября 2022 г.), выполнено согласно этическим принципам работы с животными в научных целях Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes и национальным стандартам. Настоящее исследование не содержит результатов исследований с участием людей в качестве объектов исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Королев В.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Бабкина Л.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, поиск информации, статистическая обработка и анализ результатов исследования, написание текста; Фелькер Е.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, анализ результатов; Усачев М.А. – проведение эксперимента, анализ проб и обработка данных; Чертова Р.Ю. – поиск информации, проведение эксперимента, обработка данных; Артемова И.А. – проведение эксперимента, анализ проб; Магомедова Д.Р., Рыжаев В.А. – проведение эксперимента, сбор данных. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа выполнена за счёт средств Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 20.06.2025 / Принята к печати: 15.10.2025 / Опубликована: 17.04.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Cadmium is one among the priority ecopollutants. The absence of a lethal or immediate impact on animals does not preclude the possibility of cadmium accumulating in specific organs and tissues, resulting in adverse consequences.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Male mature Wistar rats were used for the experiment. The experimental groups received a dose of cadmium acetate dihydrate equivalent to 1/50 of the LD50, dissolved in drinking water, for 28 days, followed by 28 days on regular drinking water. The control groups consumed regular drinking water. The cadmium content was measured using the atomic adsorption method (KVANT-2AT, Russia) on days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 56 in 19 biological media.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Elevated cadmium levels were observed in all studied biological media on day 7 under conditions of subchronic intoxication, except for gum and brain tissues. The highest levels of cadmium are found in the liver, small intestine, kidneys, and plasma. After the cessation of cadmium intake, the metal level is restored to the control values in the submandibular salivary glands, brain and lungs.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Only one Wistar line was used for the laboratory experiment. The toxicant was administered orally in the form of cadmium acetate dihydrate of the same concentration. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The affinity of cadmium to various biological media is characterized by significant variability in the entire period of intoxication. The liver, small intestine, kidneys, and plasma act as metal accumulators. The concentration of cadmium in the liver and kidney tissues in the animal is the most likely indicator of the cadmium poisoning.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee of Kursk State Medical University (protocol No. 3 of October 17, 2022), carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of working with animals for scientific purposes governed by «Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes» and national standards. This article does not contain results from studies involving human subjects.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Korolev V.A. – the concept and design of the study, editing; Babkina L.A. – the concept and design of the study, information search, statistical processing and analysis of research results, writing text; Felker E.V. – the concept and design of the study, analysis of the results; Usachev M.A. – conducting an experiment, analyzing samples, and processing data; Chertova R.Y. – information search, experiment, data processing; Artemova I.A – conducting an experiment, analyzing samples; Magomedova D.R., Ryzhaev V.A. – conducting an experiment, collecting data. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The work was carried out at the expense of Kursk State Medical University.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: June 20, 2025 / Accepted: October 15, 2025 / Published: April 17, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кадмий</kwd><kwd>субхроническая интоксикация</kwd><kwd>аккумуляция металла</kwd><kwd>биологические среды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cadmium</kwd><kwd>subchronic intoxication</kwd><kwd>metal accumulation</kwd><kwd>biological environments</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davidova S., Milushev V., Satchanska G. The mechanisms of cadmium toxicity in living organisms. Toxics. 2024; 12(12): 875. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12120875</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davidova S., Milushev V., Satchanska G. The mechanisms of cadmium toxicity in living organisms. 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