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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-4-438-444</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">jirhkp</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОЦЕНКА РИСКОВ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм гена HIF-1A (rs11549465) как возможный общий генетический предиктор анемии беременных и задержки внутриутробного развития плода у женщин, проживающих в условиях высокой антропогенной нагрузки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIF-1A gene polymorphism (rs11549465) as a possible general genetic predictor of anemia in pregnant women and fetal intrauterine growth retardation in women living in the conditions of the high anthropogenic load</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2225-6923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляева</surname><given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyaeva</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ст. науч. сотр. лаб. молекулярно-генетических и экспериментальных исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ КПГПЗ», 654041, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: gulyaich1973@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior researcher, Molecular-genetic and experimental study laboratory, Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, 654041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: gulyaich1973@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulyaich1973@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8292-4810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казицкая</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazitskaya</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. молекулярно-генетических и экспериментальных исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ КПГПЗ», 654041, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: anastasiya_kazitskaya@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), leading researcher, Molecular-genetic and experimental study laboratory, Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, 654041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: anastasiya_kazitskaya@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasiya_kazitskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-1035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ядыкина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Константиновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yadykina</surname><given-names>Tatyana K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. молекулярно-генетических и экспериментальных исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ КПГПЗ», 654041, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: yadykina.tanya@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), leading researcher, Molecular-genetic and experimental study laboratory, Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, 654041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: yadykina.tanya@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yadykina.tanya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5441-7381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терешкин</surname><given-names>Иван Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshkin</surname><given-names>Ivan E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Программист лаб. молекулярно-генетических и экспериментальных исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ КПГПЗ», 654041, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: ivantereshkin228@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Programmer, Molecular-genetic and experimental study laboratory, Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Novokuznetsk, 654041, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: ivantereshkin228@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivantereshkin228@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1075-2957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загородникова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagorodnikova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент каф. педиатрии и неонатологии НГИУВ – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, 654005, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: doctor-oa@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), docent, Pediatrics and neonatology sub-department, Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Novokuznetsk, 654005, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: doctor-oa@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor-oa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-6829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матошин</surname><given-names>Сергей Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matoshin</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач акушер-гинеколог, аспирант каф. акушерства и гинекологии НГИУВ – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, 654005, Новокузнецк, Россия</p><p>e-mail: deaccymaylor@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Obstetrician-gynecologist, graduate student, Obstetrics and gynecology sub-department, Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Novokuznetsk, 654005, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: deaccymaylor@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deaccymaylor@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем гигиены и профессиональных заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians – Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>438</fpage><lpage>444</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гуляева О.Н., Казицкая А.С., Ядыкина Т.К., Терешкин И.Е., Загородникова О.А., Матошин С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гуляева О.Н., Казицкая А.С., Ядыкина Т.К., Терешкин И.Е., Загородникова О.А., Матошин С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gulyaeva O.N., Kazitskaya A.S., Yadykina T.K., Tereshkin I.E., Zagorodnikova O.A., Matoshin S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5614">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5614</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Задержка внутриутробного развития плода, особенно в сочетании с анемией беременных, становится всё более распространённой мировой проблемой. Нарушение адаптации организма матери и эмбриона к физиологической гипоксии беременности может иметь единые генетически детерминированные основы, проявляющиеся как на материнском, так и на фетоплацентарном уровнях. Адаптация к эндогенной гипоксии особенно актуальна в условиях высокой антропогенной нагрузки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведены два независимых пилотных исследования на когорте беременных женщин, проживающих в крупном промышленном регионе. Первая группа: 37 беременных женщин с анемией и 53 беременные без данной патологии. Вторая группа: 23 женщины, родившие детей с задержкой внутриутробного развития, и 33 женщины, родившие здоровых детей; 19 детей с диагнозом задержки внутриутробного развития, 40 здоровых детей. Методом полимеразной цепной реакции у всех обследованных определены варианты гена HIF-1A.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что генотип СС гена HIF-1A повышает вероятность развития анемии во время беременности (χ² – 4,73; OR – 3,57). Генотип СС гена HIF-1A у новорождённых достоверно связан с задержкой внутриутробного развития (χ² – 4,59; OR – 7,71). Полиморфный вариант CT повышает устойчивость к развитию данных патологий. Сочетание генотипов CC/CC у матери и плода приводит к синергическому эффекту и высокой вероятности задержки внутриутробного развития (χ² – 5,76; OR – 6,26).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование носило пилотный характер, поэтому целесообразно увеличение выборки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные позволяют рассматривать полиморфизм HIF-1A (rs11549465) в качестве кандидатного маркёра для стратификации риска развития синдрома нарушения адаптации к беременности, включающего материнскую анемию и фетоплацентарную недостаточность.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем гигиены и профессиональных заболеваний» (протокол заседания № 4, § 1 от 18.11.2021 г.), проведено согласно общепринятым научным принципам Хельсинкской декларации Всемирной медицинской ассоциации «Этические принципы проведения медицинских исследований с участием человека в качестве субъекта» с поправками 2013 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Гуляева О.Н. – концепция и дизайн исследования, обзор литературы, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста; Казицкая А.С.– обработка материала; Ядыкина Т.К. – обработка материала; Терешкин И.Е. – обработка материала; Загородникова О.А. – сбор материала; Матошин С.В. – сбор материала. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 17.02.2026 / Принята к печати: 24.03.2026 / Опубликована: 18.05.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Intrauterine growth retardatiom of the fetus, especially in combination with anemia in pregnant women, is becoming an increasingly urgent global problem. The impaired adaptation of the mother’s and the embryo’s bodies to physiological hypoxia during pregnancy may have common genetically determined bases that manifest themselves at both the maternal and fetoplacental levels. Adaptation to endogenous hypoxia is particularly relevant in environments with high levels of anthropogenic stress.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Two independent pilot studies were conducted on a cohort of pregnant women living in a large industrial region. The first group consisted of thirty seven pregnant women with anemia and 53 pregnant women without this pathology. The second group included 23 women who gave birth to newborns with intrauterine growth retardation, 33 women who gave birth to healthy newborns; 19 babies diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation, and 40 healthy babies. All participants were tested for HIF-1A gene variants using polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The CC genotype of the HIF-1A gene has been shown to increase the likelihood of developing anemia during pregnancy (χ² – 4.73; OR – 3.57). The CC genotype of the HIF-1A gene in newborns is reliably associated with intrauterine growth retardation (χ² – 4.59; OR – 7.71). Polymorphic CT variant rises the resistance to the development of these pathologies. The combination of CC/CC genotypes in the mother and the fetus leads to a synergistic effect and a high probability of intrauterine growth retardation (χ² – 5.76; OR – 6.26).</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was of a pilot nature, so it is advisable to increase the sample.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data allow us considering the HIF-1A (rs11549465) polymorphism as a candidate marker for stratifying the risk of developing pregnancy adaptation disorder syndrome, which includes maternal anemia and fetoplacental insufficiency.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases” (Protocol of the Meeting No. 4, § 1 dated 11/18/2021), it was conducted in accordance with the commonly accepted scientific principles of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” as amended 2013.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Gulyaeva O.N. – concept and design of the study, literature review, collection and processing of material, writing the text; Kazitskaya A.S. – material processing; Yadykina T.K. – material processing; Tereshkin I.E. – material processing; Zagorodnikova O.A. – collection of material; Matoshin S.V. – collection of material. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 17, 2026 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: May 18, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоксией индуцируемый фактор-1α</kwd><kwd>задержка внутриутробного развития плода</kwd><kwd>анемия беременных</kwd><kwd>ген HIF-1A</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>промышленный регион</kwd><kwd>бенз(а)пирен</kwd><kwd>формальдегид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypoxia-inducible factor-1α</kwd><kwd>intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus</kwd><kwd>anemia of pregnant women</kwd><kwd>HIF-1A gene</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>industrial region</kwd><kwd>benz(a)pyrene</kwd><kwd>formaldehyde</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nardozza L.M.M., Caetano A.C.R., Zamarian A.C.P., Mazzola J.B., Silva C.P., Marçal V.M.G., et al. 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