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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-5-507-513</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">wynodu</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5670</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспозиция редкоземельными элементами и однонуклеотидные замены как факторы риска, формирующие раннее сосудистое старение у работников титано-магниевого производства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Exposure to rare earth elements and single nucleotide substitutions as risk factors for early vascular aging in workers employed at titanium-magnesium production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-1145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, academician of the RAS, scientific director, Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: znv@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">znv@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9421-6536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челакова</surname><given-names>Юлия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelakova</surname><given-names>Yulia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. отд. иммунобиологических методов диагностики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: chelakovayu@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Department of immunobiological diagnostic methods Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: chelakovayu@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chelakovayu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-3145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгих</surname><given-names>Олег Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgikh</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, доцент, зав. отд. иммунобиологических методов диагностики ФБУН «ФНЦ МПТ УРЗН», 614045, Пермь, Россия</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), associate professor, head, Department of immunobiological diagnostic methods Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: oleg@fcrisk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>507</fpage><lpage>513</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зайцева Н.В., Челакова Ю.А., Долгих О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайцева Н.В., Челакова Ю.А., Долгих О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaitseva N.V., Chelakova Y.A., Dolgikh O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5670">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5670</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена важностью и недостаточной изученностью риска для здоровья экспозиции редкоземельными элементами (РЗЭ) и вероятностью запуска РЗЭ иммуногенетических механизмов сосудистого старения.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценка иммуногенетических особенностей сосудистого старения у работников (на примере титано-магниевого производства) в условиях экспозиции РЗЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В группу наблюдения вошли 53 работника основного производства, подверженные воздействию РЗЭ. В воздухе рабочей зоны установлено присутствие лантана (0,00028–0,0039 мг/м³), празеодима (0,000044–0,0007 мг/м³), тербия (&lt; 0,000007 мг/м³), иттрия (&lt; 0,00001 мг/м³). Группу сравнения составили 64 административных работника, не контактирующих с РЗЭ. Использованы методы аллергосорбентного теста, проточной цитометрии, ИФА и ПЦР. Статистическую обработку выполняли в Statistica 10.0. При обработке данных использовали t-критерий Стьюдента, R², RR, OR и 95% CI; значимость различий учитывали при p ≤ 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У лиц группы наблюдения выявлено избыточное содержание РЗЭ в крови (в 1,46–1,87 раза; p ≤ 0,05), ассоциированное с повышением экспрессии CD277+-лимфоцитов (R² = 0,53–0,89; p ≤ 0,05) и возрастанием шансов гиперпродукции IgG к лантаноидам и ФНО-α (OR = 2,38–7,71). Установлены достоверные различия в полиморфизме генов AGT Thr174Met (CT; OR = 2,96; CI = 1,33–6,59) и ApoE Cys130Arg (TC; OR = 9,07; CI = 1,93–42,67).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Ограниченность выборки основной группы работников и числа современных публикаций, посвящённых оценке иммунных механизмов сосудистого старения, ассоциированных с экспозицией РЗЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Экспозиция РЗЭ у работников основного производства сопровождается повышением уровня бутирофилина, IgG к лантаноидам и повышенным относительным риском развития нарушений, ассоциированных с однонуклеотидным полиморфизмом генов сосудистого старения ангиотензиногена и аполипопротеина (RR = 2,07–7,25). Идентифицированные иммунологические и генетические показатели могут быть рекомендованы как индикаторные для задач ранней диагностики и профилактики производственно обусловленных болезней, сопряжённых с реализацией иммунологических механизмов раннего сосудистого старения в условиях экспозиции РЗЭ.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Работа выполнена в соответствии с принципами Хельсинкской декларации Всемирной медицинской ассоциации (ред. 2024 г.). Протокол и дизайн исследования одобрены локальным комитетом ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» (13.03.2024 г., протокол № 2).</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Зайцева Н.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Челакова Ю.А. – сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование; Долгих O.В. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 25.02.2026 / Поступила после доработки: 16.04.2026 / Принята к печати: 20.05.2026 / Опубликована: 18.06.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the importance and insufficient study of the health risks of exposure to rare earth elements (REE) and the likelihood of REE triggering immunogenetic mechanisms of vascular aging.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The observation group included fifty three employees of the main production who were exposed to REE. Workplace air was found to contain lanthanum, 0.00028–0.0039 mg/m³; praseodymium, 0.000044–0.00070 mg/m³, terbium, &lt;0.000007 mg/m³; yttrium, &lt;0.00001 mg/m³. The reference group consisted of 64 administrative workers who did not come into contact with REE. The study involved using the allergosorbent test, flow cytometry, ELISA, and PCR. Statistical data analysis was performed with Statistica 10.0. Data analysis included the Student’s t-test, R², RR, OR, and 95% CI; the significance of intergroup differences was taken at p&lt;0.05. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the observation group, elevated REE levels detected in the workers’ blood (1.46–1.87 times; p&lt;0.05), was associated with an increase in CD277+-lymphocyte expression (R²=0.53–0.89; p&lt;0.05) and higher OR of IgG hyperproduction to lanthanides and TNF-α (OR=2.38–7.71). Significant differences were found in the polymorphism of the AGT Thr174Met (CT; OR=2.96, CI=1.33–6.59) and ApoE Cys130Arg (TC; OR=9.07, CI=1.93–42.67) genes. </p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Limited sampling of the main group of workers; limited number of modern reports concerning the assessment of immune mechanisms of vascular aging associated with exposure to REE.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Exposure to REE in main production workers is accompanied by increased levels of butyrophilin, lanthanide IgG, and an increased relative risk of developing disorders associated with single-nucleotide polymorphism of angiotensinogen and apolipoprotein vascular aging genes (RR=2.07–7.25). The identified immunological and genetic indicators can be recommended for early diagnosis and prevention of work-related diseases involving implementation of immunological pathways of early vascular aging under exposure to REE.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol and design were approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies on March 13, 2024 (Protocol No. 2).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Zaitseva N.V. – study concept and design; Chelakova Yu.A. – data collection and analysis, writing and editing the text; study concept and design; Dolgikh O.V. – editing the text. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: February 25, 2026 / Revised: April 16, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>работники</kwd><kwd>титано-магниевое производство</kwd><kwd>иммунный дисбаланс</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>РЗЭ</kwd><kwd>экспозиция</kwd><kwd>относительный риск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>workers</kwd><kwd>titanium-magnesium production</kwd><kwd>immune imbalance</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>rare earth elements</kwd><kwd>exposure</kwd><kwd>relative risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haxel G.B., Hedrick J.B., Orris G.J. Rare earth elements – critical resources for high technology. USGS Fact Sheet 087-02; 2002. 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