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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-5-525-532</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">yctuqe</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комбинированное воздействие вредных веществ в условиях коксохимического производства и их влияние на организм работников</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Combined chemical exposures in metallurgical coke production and their health effects in workers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-3209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Другова</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drugova</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр., ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: drugovao@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: drugovao@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drugovao@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6354-0827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорук</surname><given-names>Анна Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoruk</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр., ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: annaf@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), leading researcher, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: annaf@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annaf@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8375-8462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Микушина</surname><given-names>Наталья Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikushina</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр., ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: mikushinana@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: mikushinana@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikushinana@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-8260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Лилия Казымовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>Liliya K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гл. науч. сотр., доктор мед. наук, профессор, ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа, Россия</p><p>e-mail: iao_karimova@rambler.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, chief researcher, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: iao_karimova@rambler.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iao_karimova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-3519</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мулдашева</surname><given-names>Надежда Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muldasheva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр., ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа, Россия</p><p>e-mail: muldasheva51@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: muldasheva51@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muldasheva51@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-384X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейгул</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beigul</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ст. науч. сотр., канд. хим. наук, доцент, ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека», 450106, Уфа, Россия</p><p>e-mail: omt_ufnii@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior researcher, PhD (Сhemistry), associate professor, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: omt_ufnii@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omt_ufnii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-2625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотко</surname><given-names>Эдуард Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotko</surname><given-names>Eduard G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, научный консультант, гл. науч. сотр., ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: edvardp@ymrc.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), scientific consultant, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: edvardp@ymrc.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edvardp@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-0008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабардина</surname><given-names>Лада Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabardina</surname><given-names>Lada V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП», 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия</p><p>e-mail: lada.shabardina@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: lada.shabardina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lada.shabardina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>525</fpage><lpage>532</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Другова О.Г., Федорук А.А., Микушина Н.А., Каримова Л.К., Мулдашева Н.А., Бейгул Н.А., Плотко Э.Г., Шабардина Л.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Другова О.Г., Федорук А.А., Микушина Н.А., Каримова Л.К., Мулдашева Н.А., Бейгул Н.А., Плотко Э.Г., Шабардина Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drugova O.G., Fedoruk A.A., Mikushina N.A., Karimova L.K., Muldasheva N.A., Beigul N.A., Plotko E.G., Shabardina L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5676">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5676</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Коксохимическое производство является источником загрязнения окружающей среды вредными веществами неорганической и органической природы, обладающими специфическим действием на организм человека. Актуальность исследования определяется отсутствием в доступной литературе сведений об условиях труда работников коксохимических производств с учётом комбинированного воздействия вредных веществ однонаправленного действия.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценка комбинированного воздействия вредных веществ на организм работников коксохимического производства и разработка мероприятий по обеспечению безопасных условий труда.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты определения в воздухе рабочей зоны коксового цеха содержания химических веществ с остронаправленным, канцерогенным, репротоксическим, фиброгенным действием на организм работников. При наличии в воздухе рабочей зоны веществ с однонаправленным механизмом действия рассчитаны коэффициенты суммации для отнесения условий труда к классу вредности по химическому фактору.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Воздух рабочей зоны коксохимического производства загрязнён многокомпонентной смесью, включающей вещества различных классов опасности и характера действия на организм (углерода оксид, гидроцианид, бензол, бенз(а)пирен, пыль кокса и угольная, гидроксибензол). Химический фактор на реальном производстве оценён с учётом возможных аддитивных эффектов комбинаций вредных веществ однонаправленного действия. При учёте коэффициента суммации класс условий труда по химическому фактору возрастал на 1–2 степени вредности. Работа в таких условиях может создавать высокий потенциальный риск нарушения здоровья работников в виде профессиональных болезней. Реализованные риски связаны с воздействием аэрозолей преимущественно фиброгенного действия и канцерогенов.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование проведено в рамках одного коксохимического производства, работающего по технологии сухой перегонки каменного угля. Дополнительные исследования с более широкими выборками могли бы выявить другие важные факторы, влияющие на здоровье работников, и учесть риски для работников аналогичных предприятий.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение коэффициента суммации вредных веществ с однонаправленным характером действия в различных комбинациях при оценке условий труда по химическому фактору позволяет объективно охарактеризовать гигиеническую ситуацию, рассчитать профессиональные риски для здоровья работников коксохимического производства и разработать комплекс санитарно-гигиенических мероприятий.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование не требует предоставления заключения комитета по биомедицинской этике или иных документов. Работа с персональными данными в исследовании не проводилась.</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Другова О.Г. – сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование; Федорук А.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование; Микушина Н.А. – сбор и обработка данных; Каримова Л.К. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Мулдашева Н.А. – написание текста; Бейгул Н.А. – написание текста; Плотко Э.Г. – редактирование; Шабардина Л.В. – сбор и обработка данных. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 09.07.2025 / Поступила после доработки: 09.04.2026 / Принята к печати: 20.05.2026 / Опубликована: 18.06.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Metallurgical coke production is a source of environmental pollution with harmful inorganic and organic substances possessing of specific effects on the human body. The relevance of this study is determined by the lack of information in the available literature on the working conditions of workers in by-product coke production facilities, taking into account the combined effects of harmful substances acting in the same direction.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim of the study</title><p>The aim of the study. To assess health effects of combined occupational exposures to harmful chemicals in coke workers and develop measures to ensure chemical safety in the workplace.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We have analyzed the results of coke oven shop workplace air testing for chemicals having acute, carcinogenic, reprotoxic, and fibrogenic health effects in workers. For the substances with a similar mechanism of action, we calculated summation coefficients to classify working conditions as harmful in terms of chemical risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The workplace air in coke production is contaminated with a multicomponent mixture comprising chemicals of different hazard classes and mechanisms of action, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, coke and coal dust, and hydroxybenzene. The chemical factor was assessed with account for possible additive effects of the combinations of pollutants acting similarly. When the summation coefficient was taken into account, the class of working conditions increased by 1 to 2 degrees of harmfulness due to chemical risk. Working under such conditions can pose a high potential risk of occupational diseases. Realized risks are associated with exposure to fibrous aerosols and carcinogens.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was conducted within one coking plant utilizing dry coal distillation technology. Additional studies based on larger samples could identify other important factors affecting workers’ health and allow for risk accounting for workers at similar facilities.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of the summation coefficient for harmful chemicals having similar modes of action when assessing working conditions provides an objective description of the occupational setting, helps to assess work-related health risks to metallurgical coke workers and develop a set of health and safety measures to mitigate them.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require ethics approval. No personal data were used in the research.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Drugova O.G. – data collection and analysis, manuscript preparation, editing; Fedoruk A.A. – study conception and design, manuscript preparation, editing; Mikushina N.A. – data collection and analysis; Karimova L.K. – study conception and design, editing; Muldasheva N.A. – manuscript preparation; Beigul N.A. – manuscript preparation; Plotko E.G. – editing; Shabardina L.V. – data collection and analysis. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: July 9, 2025 / Revised: April 9, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вредные химические вещества</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>работники</kwd><kwd>комбинированное воздействие</kwd><kwd>коэффициент суммации</kwd><kwd>коксохимическое производство</kwd><kwd>воздух рабочей зоны</kwd><kwd>многокомпонентная смесь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>harmful chemicals</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>workers</kwd><kwd>combined exposure</kwd><kwd>summation coefficient</kwd><kwd>metallurgical coke production</kwd><kwd>workplace air</kwd><kwd>multicomponent mixture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Díez M.A., Alvarez R., Barriocanal С. 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