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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-6-675-681</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">pxffua</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5757</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние экспозиции торфяным дымом в ранний постнатальный период на поведение и электроэнцефалограмму взрослых крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of peat smoke exposure during the early postnatal period on behavior and electroencephalogram in adult rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соседова</surname><given-names>Лариса Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosedova</surname><given-names>Larisa M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, зав. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: sosedlar@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, head, Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: sosedlar@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sosedlar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-8052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вокина</surname><given-names>Вера Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vokina</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: vokina.vera@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: vokina.vera@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vokina.vera@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-0173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкова</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher, Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-8060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Евгений Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>Evgeny A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины, ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: g57097@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: g57097@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g57097@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-6292</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины, ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: novik-imt@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), senior researcher, Laboratory of biomodeling and translational medicine, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: novik-imt@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">novik-imt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-8327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченков</surname><given-names>Михаил Федосович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenkov</surname><given-names>Mikhail F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН; профессор ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665826, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: mfs36@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, academician of the RAS, Professor of East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665826, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: mfs36@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mfs36@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>675</fpage><lpage>681</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соседова Л.М., Вокина В.А., Панкова А.А., Титов Е.А., Новиков М.А., Савченков М.Ф., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соседова Л.М., Вокина В.А., Панкова А.А., Титов Е.А., Новиков М.А., Савченков М.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sosedova L.M., Vokina V.A., Pankova A.A., Titov E.A., Novikov M.A., Savchenkov M.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5757">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5757</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Пребывание в раннем постнатальном периоде в очаге задымлённости от природных торфяных пожаров вызывает формирование широкого спектра патологических состояний, наименее изученными из которых остаются отдалённые эффекты воздействия дыма на центральную нервную систему (ЦНС).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ингаляционное воздействие торфяным дымом на новорождённых крыс осуществляли в критические периоды онтогенеза – с 23-го по 27-й день жизни. Содержание СО составляло в ингаляционных камерах 21 (13; 28) мг/м³, РМ2,5 – 0,09 (0,04; 0,19) мг/м³. В возрасте трёх месяцев у крыс оценивали функциональное состояние ЦНС. Обследование включало в себя тестирование поведения животных в «открытом поле», оценку результатов электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) и гистологическое исследование коры головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У самцов крыс наблюдали выраженное сокращение времени пребывания в центре арены и уменьшение площади исследования, что свидетельствовало об угнетении активно-поисковой составляющей поведения. По результатам ЭЭГ у самцов наблюдали снижение амплитудных характеристик ЭЭГ, происходившее в основном за счёт волн низкочастотного диапазона (дельта- и тета-ритмы), в то время как у самок крыс наблюдалось повышение амплитуды и индекса в большей степени за счёт быстроволновой активности бета-ритма. Изменений структуры нервной ткани не выявлено.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Данное исследование ограничено изучением взрослых половозрелых белых крыс, подвергавшихся воздействию торфяного дыма с 23-го по 27-й день жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Воздействие торфяного дыма в постнатальный период приводит к нарушению видоспецифического поведения, амплитудно-частотных свойств суммарной биоэлектрической активности коры мозга у взрослых половозрелых белых крыс. Наиболее существенные сдвиги нарушения состояния ЦНС проявляются у самцов.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ (протокол № 32 от 10.01.2023 г.), проведено в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о защите позвоночных животных, используемых для экспериментов или в иных научных целях (ETS N 123), директивой Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского союза 2010/63/EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей.</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Соседова Л.М. – концепция и дизайн исследования, обзор литературы по теме статьи, написание текста; Вокина В.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, проведение эксперимента, обработка, анализ и интерпретация данных, обзор литературы по теме статьи, написание текста; Панкова А.А. – проведение эксперимента, сбор и первичная обработка материала, статистическая обработка данных; Титов Е.А. – сбор и подготовка гистологических препаратов, обработка материала, статистическая обработка данных; Новиков М.А. – сбор и подготовка гистологических препаратов, обработка материала, статистическая обработка данных; Савченков М.Ф. ‒ редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа выполнялась по плану НИР в рамках государственного задания.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 24.03.2026 / Поступила после доработки: 18.05.2026 / Принята к печати: 18.06.2026 / Опубликована: 31.07.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Exposure to smoke from natural peat fires during the early postnatal period leads to the development of a wide range of pathological conditions, among which the long-term effects of smoke on the central nervous system (CNS) remain the least studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Inhalation exposure of newborn rats to peat smoke was carried out during critical periods of ontogenesis – from the 23rd to the 27th day of life. The CO concentration in the inhalation chambers was 21 (13; 28) mg/m³, and the PM2.5 concentration was 0.09 (0.04; 0.19) mg/m³. At 3 months of age, the functional state of the CNS was assessed in the rats. The examination included open field behavioral testing, EEG recording, and histological examination of the cerebral cortex.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Males exhibited a sharp reduction in time spent in the center of the arena and a decrease in the exploratory area, indicating suppression of the active-searching component of behavior. EEG results in males showed a decrease in EEG amplitude characteristics, primarily due to waves in the low-frequency range (delta and theta rhythms). In females, conversely, an increase in amplitude and index was observed, largely due to fast-wave beta rhythm activity. No changes in nervous tissue structure were detected.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. This study is limited to adult sexually mature white rats exposed to peat smoke from 23rd to 27th postnatal day.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Exposure to peat smoke in the early postnatal period leads to impairments in species-specific behavior and the amplitude-frequency properties of the total bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex in adult sexually mature rats. The most significant shifts in CNS impairment are observed in male white rats.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 32 dated 01/10/2023) and was conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123) and Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union of September 22, 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions: Sosedova L.M. – study concept and design, literature review, manuscript writing; Vokina V.A. – study concept and design, experiment conduction, data processing, analysis and interpretation, literature review, manuscript writing; Pankova A.A. – experiment conduction, data collection and primary processing, statistical analysis; Titov E.A. – histological specimen preparation and processing, data processing, statistical analysis; Novikov M.A. – histological specimen preparation and processing, data processing, statistical analysis; Savchenkov M.F. – editing, approval of the final version of the manuscript, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript. </p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: March 24, 2026 / Revised: May 18, 2026 / Accepted: June 18, 2026 / Published: July 31, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торфяной дым</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>постнатальный период</kwd><kwd>центральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>поведение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peat smoke</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>postnatal period</kwd><kwd>central nervous system</kwd><kwd>behavior</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schultz E.S., Hallberg J., Bellander T., Bergström A., Bottai M., Chiesa F., et al. Early-life exposure to traffic-related air pollution and lung function in adolescence. Am. J. Respir. Crit. 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