medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-7-708-712igbjgymedlit-5774Research ArticleПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ СТАТЬИPROBLEM-SOLVING ARTICLESГигиенические проблемы контроля загрязнения объектов среды обитания хлорорганическими пестицидами (на примере 4,4’-дихлордифенилтрихлорэтана – ДДТ)Standardization and presentation of analytical results for the detection of organochlorine pesticides susceptible to isomerism and metabolism (using 4,4’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane – DDT as an example)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-6507РакитскийВалерий НиколаевичRakitskiyValery N.

Доктор мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель Института гигиены, токсикологии пестицидов и химической безопасности ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия

e-mail: vtox@yandex.ru

DSc (Medicine), academician of RAS, scientific director, Institute of Hygiene, Pesticide Toxicology and Chemical Safety, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation

e-mail: vtox@yandex.ru

vtox@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-1007ДобреваНаталья ИвановнаDobrevaNatalia I.

Канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия.

PhD (Biology), senior researcher, Department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6382ФедороваНаталия ЕвгеньевнаFedorovaNataliia E.

Доктор биол. наук, гл. науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия

e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru

DSc (Biology), chief researcher, Department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation

e-mail: analyt1@yandex.ru

analyt1@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8181-4409СусловаАлена ВячеславовнаSuslovaAlena V.

Мл. науч. сотр. отд. аналитических методов контроля ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, 141014, Мытищи, Россия.

Junior researcher, Department of an analytical control methods, Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi, 141014, Russian Federation

ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены имени Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» РоспотребнадзораРоссияFederal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. ErismanRussian Federation2026140820261057708712Copyright © Ракитский В.Н., Добрева Н.И., Федорова Н.Е., Суслова А.В., 20262026Ракитский В.Н., Добрева Н.И., Федорова Н.Е., Суслова А.В.Rakitskiy V.N., Dobreva N.I., Fedorova N.E., Suslova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5774

Многие действующие вещества пестицидов представляют собою смесь изомеров. При попадании в организм человека, на обрабатываемые культуры или под воздействием факторов окружающей среды за определённое время подобная смесь может полностью или частично преобразоваться в соответствующие метаболиты. Подобные метаморфозы компонентов смеси часто приводят, с одной стороны, к многочисленным вопросам при установлении нормативных требований для показателей безопасности, с другой – к затруднениям при оформлении и предоставлении результатов проведённых исследований. В статье данная проблема выносится на обсуждение на примере хлорорганического пестицида дихлордифенилтрихлорэтана – ДДТ, остаточные количества которого в пищевой продукции – один из самых контролируемых показателей безопасности в мире, подлежащий обязательному декларированию во всех видах пищевой продукции в Российской Федерации. Описаны отечественные и международные подходы по нормированию изомеров и метаболитов ДДТ. Рассмотрены некоторые методы определения ДДТ, обеспечивающие выполнение требований нормативных документов. Выявлены и обозначены основные проблемы как нормирования ДДТ, так и методического обеспечения, связанные с неоднозначностью обязательного контроля в любой пищевой продукции показателя безопасности, представленного в ТР ТС 021/2011 и других технических регламентах Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) на пищевую продукцию и пищевое сырьё как «ДДТ и его метаболиты». Анализ нормативных требований к безопасности пищевой продукции, изложенных в национальных, межгосударственных и международных документах, выполнен по открытым доступным материалам: техническим регламентам Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) на пищевую продукцию и пищевое сырьё, документам Комиссии Кодекс Алиментариус, Европейского союза, Управления по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов США (FDA), законодательным актам Японии, Австралии, Китайской Народной Республики.

Вклад авторов

Вклад авторов: Ракитский В.Н. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Добрева Н.И., Федорова Н.Е. – концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста, редактирование; Суслова А.В. – сбор и обработка материала. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 23.04.2026 / Поступила после доработки: 15.06.2026 / Принята к печати: 01.07.2026 / Опубликована: 14.08.2026

Many active ingredients in pesticides are mixtures of isomers. When ingested by humans, crops, or exposed to environmental factors, such a mixture can be completely or partially transformed into the corresponding metabolites over a period of time. Such metamorphoses of mixture components often lead to numerous questions when establishing regulatory requirements for safety indicators and, on the other hand, to difficulties in documenting and presenting research results. This article discusses this issue using the organochlorine pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) as an example. Its residues in food products are one of the most closely monitored safety indicators in the world, subject to mandatory declaration on all food products in the Russian Federation. Domestic and international approaches to standardizing DDT isomers and metabolites are described. Several methods for determining DDT, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements, are considered. The main challenges of both DDT standardization and methodological support are identified and outlined. These challenges stem from the ambiguity of the mandatory safety indicator for any food product, defined in CU TR 021/2011 and other technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) for food products and food raw materials as “DDT and its metabolites.” An analysis of regulatory requirements for food safety set out in national, interstate, and international documents was conducted using publicly available materials, including technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) for food products and food raw materials, documents of the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the European Union, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the legislation of Japan, Australia, and the People’s Republic of China.

Contribution

Contribution: Rakitsky V.N. – concept and design of the study; Dobreva N.I., Fedorova N.E. – concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing text, editing; Suslova A.V. – collection and processing of material. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: April 23, 2026 / Revised: June 15, 2026 / Accepted: July 1, 2026 / Published: August 14, 2026

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.