medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-8-905-910oqycwamedlit-5845Research ArticleПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕPREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATIONДефицит железа и уязвимость организма для токсического действия тяжёлых металлов: персонализированный подход к биопрофилактике в превентивной медицине (обзор литературы)Iron deficiency and body vulnerability to the toxic effect of heavy metals: a personalized approach to bioprevention in preventive medicine (literature review)https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0780-5733НикогосянКарен МерсоповичNikogosyanKaren M.

Науч. сотр., и. о. зав. лаб. научных основ биологической профилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия

e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru

Researcher, Acting Head of the Laboratory of Scientific Foundations of Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru

nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-8593МинигалиеваИльзира АмировнаMinigalievaIlzira A.

Доктор биол. наук, зав. отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия

e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru

DSc (Biology), head, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru

ilzira@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642СутунковаМарина ПетровнаSutunkovaMarina P.

Доктор мед. наук, директор ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия

e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru

DSc (Medicine), director, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru

sutunkova@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-0040-8385ДубровинДмитрий АфонасиевичDubrovinDmitry A.

Лаборант отд. токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Россия

e-mail: dubrovinda@ymrc.ru

Laboratory assistant, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: dubrovinda@ymrc.ru

dubrovinda@ymrc.ruФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» РоспотребнадзораРоссияYekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial WorkersRussian FederationФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияYekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2026280920261058905910Copyright © Никогосян К.М., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Дубровин Д.А., 20262026Никогосян К.М., Минигалиева И.А., Сутункова М.П., Дубровин Д.А.Nikogosyan K.M., Minigalieva I.A., Sutunkova M.P., Dubrovin D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5845Введение

Введение. Важный этап разработки биопрофилактических комплексов – подбор компонентов, требующий достоверного и подробного научного обоснования включения в состав тех или иных веществ. Одним из таких компонентов является железо, поскольку железодефицитные состояния широко распространены, и Fe играет ведущую роль в физиологических процессах, участвующих в обеспечении резистентности организма к токсическому действию тяжёлых металлов. Системный анализ научных данных, подтверждающих эту роль, – актуальная задача современной профилактической медицины.

Цель настоящего обзора – сбор, обобщение и систематизация научных данных об особенностях механизмов возникновения и проявления железодефицитных состояний на фоне токсического действия тяжёлых металлов для разработки мер биопрофилактики в рамках персонализированной медицины.

Для поиска научных материалов были использованы международные библиографические базы данных PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY.RU и российская электронная научная библиотека КиберЛенинка. Глубина поиска публикаций на русском и английском языках – с 2007 по 2025 г. В результате поиска было обнаружено более 250 статей, из них, согласно критериям включения, отобрана 41 полнотекстовая публикация.

Согласно имеющимся данным, дефицит железа может усиливать токсические эффекты тяжёлых металлов и увеличивать риски кардиоваскулярных патологий. Нарушение регуляции железа также опосредует токсическое воздействие поллютантов на центральную нервную систему, почки, печень, кровь и органы кроветворения. В качестве одного из ключевых механизмов рассматривается железозависимое перекисное окисление липидов, реализуемое по пути ферроптоза.

Заключение

Заключение. Дефицит железа снижает адаптационный потенциал и резистентность организма к токсическому действию поллютантов. Экспериментальные данные подтверждают важную роль ферроптоза в токсических реакциях организма на клеточном уровне и открывают новый взгляд превентивной медицины на профилактику этих эффектов.

Вклад авторов

Вклад авторов: Никогосян К.М. – сбор и обработка материала, анализ данных, написание текста статьи; Минигалиева И.А. – концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Сутункова М.П. – концепция и дизайн исследования; Дубровин Д.А. – сбор материала. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.

Использование инструментов искусственного интеллекта. При подготовке настоящей рукописи инструменты искусственного интеллекта не применялись.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила

Поступила: 06.03.2026 / Поступила после доработки: 21.04.2026 / Принята к печати: 01.07.2026 / Опубликована: 28.09.2026

Introduction

Introduction. An important stage in creating bioprophylactic complexes is the selection of their components, which requires trustworthy and detailed science-based substantiation for the inclusion of certain elements. Iron is one of such components, given the high prevalence of iron deficiency in the population and the essential role of this trace metal in various physiological processes involved in maintaining the resistance of the organism to heavy metal toxicity. Yet, the issue of a systematic and comprehensive analysis of scientific data confirming this role remains relevant.

The aim of this review is to collect, summarize, and systematize research data on characteristics of the mechanisms underlying the development and manifestation of iron deficiency conditions associated with heavy metal toxicity to develop bioprophylactic measures within the framework of personalized medicine.

We searched for English and Russian-language reports on the topic issued in 2007–2025 in PubMed, Scopus, eLIBRARY.RU, and CyberLeninka databases. Of 250 articles found, 41 full-text report was selected based on the inclusion criteria.

Our findings show that iron deficiency can enhance toxic effects of heavy metals and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Dysregulation of iron also mediates the toxic effects of pollutants on the central nervous system, kidney, liver, blood, and hematopoietic organs. Iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, mediated by ferroptosis, is considered one of the key mechanisms.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Iron deficiency reduces the adaptive potential and resistance of the organism to the toxic effects of pollutants. Experimental data confirm the importance of ferroptosis in toxic responses at the cellular level and open up a new attitude vision of preventive medicine on prevention of this effect.

Contributions

Contributions: Nikogosyan K.M. – data collection and processing, data analysis, draft manuscript preparation; Minigalieva I.A. – study conception and design, editing; Sutunkova M.P. – study conception and design; Dubrovin D.A. – data collection. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Statement on the use of artificial intelligence tools. No AI tools were used in the preparation of this article.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received

Received: March 6, 2026 / Revised: April 21, 2026 / Accepted: July 1, 2026 / Published: September 28, 2026

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.