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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2026-105-9-1005-1010</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">dbisxj</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-5866</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гидроксилированные полициклические ароматические углеводороды как биомаркёры воздействия на работников производства алюминия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as biomarkers of exposure in workers of aluminum production</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-3133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаяхметов</surname><given-names>Салим Файзыевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shayakhmetov</surname><given-names>Salim F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. аналитической экотоксикологии и биомониторинга ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665827, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: salimf53@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), professor, leading researcher of the Laboratory of analytical ecotoxicology and biomonitoring, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: salimf53@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salimf53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-6408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журба</surname><given-names>Ольга Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhurba</surname><given-names>Olga M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр., зав. лаб. аналитической экотоксикологии и биомониторинга ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665827, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: zhurba99@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology), leading researcher, head, Laboratory of analytical ecotoxicology and biomonitoring, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: zhurba99@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhurba99@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-5304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеенко</surname><given-names>Антон Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseenko</surname><given-names>Anton N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. хим. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаб. аналитической экотоксикологии и биомониторинга ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665827, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: alexeenko85@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Chemistry), senior researcher, Laboratory of analytical ecotoxicology and biomonitoring, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation</p><p>е-mail: alexeenko85@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeenko85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-6432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меринов</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merinov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр. лаб. аналитической экотоксикологии и биомониторинга ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ, 665827, Ангарск, Россия</p><p>e-mail: alek-merinov@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), researcher, Laboratory of analytical ecotoxicology and biomonitoring, East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 665827, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: alek-merinov@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alek-merinov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических ТСА»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>1005</fpage><lpage>1010</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шаяхметов С.Ф., Журба О.М., Алексеенко А.Н., Меринов А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шаяхметов С.Ф., Журба О.М., Алексеенко А.Н., Меринов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shayakhmetov S.F., Zhurba O.M., Alekseenko A.N., Merinov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5866">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/5866</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена воздействием высокотоксичных полициклических ароматических углеводородов (ПАУ) на работников алюминиевого производства и необходимостью определения релевантных биомаркёров экспозиции для оценки риска нарушения их здоровья.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. С помощью авторского метода ГХ-МС выполнены исследования содержания 7 гидроксилированных метаболитов ПАУ (ОН-РАН) в моче 130 работников цехов с традиционной (ТСА) и модернизированной (ТОА) технологиями производства алюминия и 22 человек контрольной группы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены высокие уровни ОН-РАН в моче работников цехов с ТСА и ТОА, превышающие значения контрольной группы в 1,7–120,7 и 1,2–12,4 раза соответственно, и предел биологического индекса экспозиции – в 2–28 и 1,2–2,9 раза соответственно. Установлены тесные корреляционные связи между содержанием нормируемого маркёрного метаболита ПАУ – 1-OHPyr и уровнями доминирующих в моче у работников цехов с ТСА и ТОА 2-OHFle (r = 0,860 и 0,869), 3-OHPhe (r = 0,902 и 0,932) и 2-OHNap (r = 0,433 и 0,412).</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Одним из потенциальных ограничений данного исследования стала сложность определения содержания в моче работников гидроксилированных метаболитов высокомолекулярных (5,6-ядерных) ПАУ, которые преимущественно удаляются с фекальными выделениями.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты проведённых исследований продемонстрировали, что 2-OHNap, 2-OHFle и 3-OHPhe могут быть применимы в качестве приоритетных биомаркёров воздействия общих ПАУ с целью оценки риска для здоровья работников в дополнение к общепринятому маркёрному метаболиту 1-ОНРyr.</p><p>Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование одобрено Локальным этическим комитетом ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ (заключение ЛЭК № 2 от 18.02.2020 г.), выполнено в соответствии с этическими стандартами Хельсинкской декларации Всемирной ассоциации «Этические принципы проведения научных медицинских исследований с участием человека» (ред. 2013 г.), не ущемляло прав и не подвергало опасности благополучие субъектов исследования, проведено с их согласия.</p></sec><sec><title>Вклад авторов</title><p>Вклад авторов: Шаяхметов С.Ф. – концепция и дизайн исследования, поиск источников литературы, написание текста; Журба О.М. – концепция и дизайн исследования, поиск источников литературы, сбор материала; Алексеенко А.Н. – лабораторные исследования; Меринов А.В. – сбор данных литературы, сбор материала, статистическая обработка. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех её частей.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование проведено в рамках средств, выделяемых для выполнения государственного задания ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила</title><p>Поступила: 14.04.2026 / Поступила после доработки: 04.06.2026 / Принята к печати: 01.07.2026 / Опубликована: 20.10.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the impact of highly toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on workers of aluminum production and the need of identification of relevant exposure biomarkers to assess the risk of damage to their health.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The content of seven hydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAH) in the urine in one hundred thirty workers from workshops with traditional (TSA) and modernized (TOA) technologies for aluminum production and 22 persons in the control group were studied using the author’s GC-MS method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. High levels of OH-PAH were found in the urine in workers in workshops with TSA and TOA, exceeding the values of the control group by 1.7–120.7 and 1.2–12.4 times, respectively, and the limit of the biological exposure index by 2.0–28.0 and 1.2–2.9 times. Close correlations were established between the content of the standardized marker metabolite of PAHs, 1-OHPyr, and the levels of 2-OHFle (r = 0.860 and 0.869), 3-OHPhe (r = 0.902 and 0.932), and 2-OHNap (r = 0.433 and 0.412) dominant in the urine in workers in workshops with TSA and TOA.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. One potential limitation of this study is the difficulty in determining the levels of hydroxylated metabolites of high molecular weight (5,6-nuclear) PAHs in the urine in workers, which are primarily eliminated with fecal excretion.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the conducted studies demonstrated that 2-OHNap, 2-OHFle and 3-OHPhe can be used as priority biomarkers of exposure to total PAHs for assessing the health risk of workers in addition to the generally accepted marker metabolite 1-OHPyr.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ESIMER and was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of research set out in the Helsinki declaration of the World Medical Association (2013 edition).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution: Shayakhmetov S.F. – concept and design of the study, organization of the study, search for literature sources, writing the text; Zhurba O.M. – concept and design of the study, search for literature sources, search for literature sources, collection of material; Alekseenko A.N. – laboratory research; Merinov A.V. – collection of literature data, collection of material, statistical processing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The work was performed within the framework of funds allocated for the implementation of the state task by East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: April 14, 2026 / Revised: June 4, 2026 / Accepted: July 1, 2026 / Published: October 20, 2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производство алюминия</kwd><kwd>полициклические ароматические углеводороды</kwd><kwd>гидроксилированные метаболиты</kwd><kwd>работники</kwd><kwd>биологический мониторинг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aluminum production</kwd><kwd>polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</kwd><kwd>hydroxylated metabolites</kwd><kwd>workers</kwd><kwd>biological monitoring</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смола В.И. ПАУ в окружающей среде: проблемы и решения. Часть 1. 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