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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-11-1038-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-688</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новый подход к анализу влияния погодных условий на организм человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A new approach to the analysis of the influence of weather conditions on the human organism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1823-8952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салтыкова</surname><given-names>Марина Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saltykova</surname><given-names>Marina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биол. наук, зав. лаб. изучения проблем изменения климата, биометеорологии и арктической медицины ФГБУ «ЦСП» Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: marinams2002@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., Head of the Laboratory for the Study of Climate Change Problems, Biometeorology and Arctic Medicine, Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: marinams2002@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinams2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-4010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобровницкий</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrovnitskii</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-8304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Банченко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Banchenko</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1190-1440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагорнев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagornev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1038</fpage><lpage>1042</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салтыкова М.М., Бобровницкий И.П., Яковлев М.Ю., Банченко А.Д., Нагорнев С.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салтыкова М.М., Бобровницкий И.П., Яковлев М.Ю., Банченко А.Д., Нагорнев С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saltykova M.M., Bobrovnitskii I.P., Yakovlev M.Y., Banchenko A.D., Nagornev S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/688">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/688</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на длительную историю изучения влияния метео- и гелиогеофизических факторов на организм человека, механизмы этого влияния остаются неясными. Невозможность повлиять на погодные условия делает необходимой разработку новых экспериментальных подходов к таким исследованиям. Для анализа воздействия на организм человека температуры окружающего воздуха, атмосферного давления, влажности и других метеорологических показателей, а также для выявления механизмов такого воздействия предложен новый подход с использованием соответствующего испытательного стенда (метеостенда). Основу такого стенда может составить климатическая камера, технические характеристики которой позволяют проводить в ней исследования с участием человека. В таких исследованиях могут мониторироваться различные физиологические и биохимические показатели, а также проводиться психологическое тестирование. Особую актуальность эти исследования приобретают в связи с интенсивным освоением Арктики, поскольку влияние гелиогеофизических и метеорологических факторов наиболее выражено в высоких широтах. Климату Арктики характерны сочетания значительных колебаний температуры, атмосферного давления, низкой абсолютной и высокой относительной влажности воздуха, сильные ветры, существенные изменения геомагнитного поля и атмосферного электричества, выраженный дефицит УФ-радиации и световая апериодичность. Эти особенности природных условий Севера, видимо, обусловливают высокую заболеваемость пришлого населения (по сравнению с коренным) болезнями системы кровообращения и органов дыхания. Кроме того, в статье обращается внимание на то, что единственным погодным фактором, механизмы влияния которого достаточно хорошо изучены, является изменение температуры окружающего воздуха, и эти механизмы были изучены благодаря исследованиям, проведенным в экспериментальных условиях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the long history of studying the influence of meteo- and heliogeophysical factors on the human body, the mechanisms of this influence remain unclear. The inability to influence weather conditions makes it necessary to develop new, experimental approaches to such research. To analyze the effect of the ambient air temperature, atmospheric pressure, moisture and other meteorological indices on the human body, and to identify the mechanisms of such impact, there is proposed a new approach using an appropriate experimental stand (weather experimental stand). The basis of such stand can be composed of a climatic chamber, the technical characteristics of which allow carrying out research with human participation. In such studies, various physiological and biochemical indices can be monitored, as well as psychological tests can be administered. Such studies are of particular relevance in relation to the intensive development of the Arctic since in high latitudes the influence of heliogeophysical and meteorological factors is very pronounced. The climate of the Arctic is characterized by a combination of significant temperature fluctuations, atmospheric pressure, low absolute and high relative humidity, strong winds, significant changes in the geomagnetic field and atmospheric electricity, a pronounced deficit of UV radiation and light aperiodicity. Features of the natural conditions of the North, apparently, cause a high incidence of the diseases of the circulatory and respiratory system in the alien population (in comparison with the indigenous one). In addition, the article draws attention to the fact that the only weather factor, whose mechanisms of influence are sufficiently well studied, is the change in ambient air temperature, and these mechanisms were studied through research done under experimental conditions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метеочувствительность</kwd><kwd>механизмы влияния</kwd><kwd>метеофакторы</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meteosensitivity</kwd><kwd>mechanisms of influence</kwd><kwd>weather conditions</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/ru/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/ru/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cold exposure and winter mortality from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease and all causes in warm and cold regions of Europe. 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