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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-11-1043-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-689</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Об актуальности определения Blastocystis spp. в объектах окружающей среды как потенциальных факторов риска возникновения протозойной инфекции человека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The relevance of the definition of Blastocystis spp. in environmental objects as potential risk factors for the occurrence of protozoal human infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грицюк</surname><given-names>Ольга Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gritsyuk</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. лаб. санитарной бактериологии и паразитологии ФГБУ «ЦСП» Минздрава России.</p><p>e-mail: milkbacterialab@list.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, researcher of the Laboratory of sanitary bacteriology and parasitology of the Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: milkbacterialab@list.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">milkbacterialab@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загайнова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagainova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ФГАОУ ВО Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет) Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1043</fpage><lpage>1045</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Грицюк О.В., Кузнецова К.Ю., Загайнова А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Грицюк О.В., Кузнецова К.Ю., Загайнова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gritsyuk O.V., Kuznetsova K.Y., Zagainova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/689">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/689</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из малоизученных патогенов, вызывающих возникновение протозойной инфекции пищеварительной системы, является наиболее часто встречаемый представитель простейших кишечника человека и животных Blastocystis spp. Бластоцистная инвазия на территории России не подлежит регистрации и не входит в формы государственной статистической отчётности. О проявлениях эпидемического процесса бластоцистоза можно судить, опираясь на небольшое количество проведённых исследований. Заражение человека и животных бластоцистами происходит фекально-оральным путём. Цисты, выделяясь с фекалиями, попадают в окружающую среду, могут инфицировать нового хозяина. Анализ клинических наблюдений в совокупности с данными литературы свидетельствуют о разнообразии форм, локализации и характера проявления инфекции. Настоящая статья посвящена обоснованию необходимости обнаружения бластоцистов в объектах окружающей среды (воде, почве, поверхностях) как потенциальных факторов риска возникновения протозойной инфекции. При этом особое значение имеет также изучение длительности их выживания во внешней среде с учётом влияния различных факторов антропогенного воздействия имеет большое теоретическое и практическое значение. Эти сведения могут быть использованы при решении различных задач эпидемиологии и эпизоотологии, при разработке методов и средств борьбы с бластоцистами и выяснении путей расселения этих паразитов. Факторами риска возникновения инфекции являются санитарно-гигиеническое неблагополучие объектов окружающей среды (географический, экологический и социальный факторы), особенности профессии, контакт с животными, употребление контаминированной воды и пищи, иммиграция и путешествия в тропические страны, а также ослабленный иммунный статус отдельных лиц.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The most abundant protozoan Blastocystis spp. from human and animal intestines is one of the poor-studied pathogens causing the occurrence of a protozoal infection of the human gastrointestinal tract. In Russia, no Blastocyst invasion is recorded and neither included in the forms of state statistical reporting. The manifestations of the epidemic process of blastocyst can be judged based on a small number of studies. Analysis of clinical observations and literature data indicates a variety of forms, localization, and nature of the infection manifestation. This article is devoted to substantiating the need to detect blastocysts in environmental objects (water, soil, surfaces) as potential risk factors for the occurrence of a protozoal infection. At the same time, the studies both of the survival duration in the external environment and influence of various factors the Blastocystis survival have both the theoretical and practical importance. This information can be used in problems of epidemiology and epizootiology, for developing new methods for Blastocystis elimination, and identifying ways of spreading these parasites. Infection risk factors are sanitary and hygienic problems of environmental objects (geographical, environmental and social factors), profession features, contact with animals, use of contaminated water and food, immigration and travel to tropical countries, as well as people with weakened immune status.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бластоцисты</kwd><kwd>объекты окружающей среды</kwd><kwd>инфекция</kwd><kwd>фекально-оральный путь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blastocysts</kwd><kwd>environmental objects</kwd><kwd>infection</kwd><kwd>fecal-oral route</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Загайнова А.В. Разработка подходов к оценке риска возникновения бактериальных кишечных инфекций, распространяемых водным путем. ФГБУ «НИИЭЧ и ГОС им. А.Н. 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