medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-12-1244-1248medlit-726Research ArticleМЕТОДЫ ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙMETHODS OF HYGIENIC AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONSМикроядерный тест на клетках буккального эпителия и культуре крови человека: сравнение эффективностиComparison of an efficiency between micronucleus test in buccal epithelial cells and cultured human blood lymphocyteshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-1762ЮрченкоВ. В.YurchenkoV. V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5039-8980КривцоваЕ. К.KrivtsovaE. K.noemail@neicon.ruЮрцеваН. А.UrtsevaN. A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-6800ИнгельФаина ИсааковнаIngelFaina I.

Доктор биол. наук, и.о. зав. лаб. генетической токсикологии Института экологии человека и гигиены окружающей среды им. А.Н. Сысина ФГБУ «ЦСП» Минздрава России.

e-mail: fainaingel@mail.ru

MD, Ph.D., DSci., Head of the Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology of the Centre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.

e-mail: fainaingel@mail.ru

fainaingel@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииCentre for Strategic Planning, Russian Ministry of Health201821102020971212441248Copyright © Юрченко В.В., Кривцова Е.К., Юрцева Н.А., Ингель Ф.И., 20202020Юрченко В.В., Кривцова Е.К., Юрцева Н.А., Ингель Ф.И.Yurchenko V.V., Krivtsova E.K., Urtseva N.A., Ingel F.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/726

Для выявления мутагенной опасности различных факторов для человека чаще всего используются тесты по учёту микроядер в культивированных с цитохалазином Б лимфоцитах периферической крови человека и/или в эпителиоцитах слизистой оболочки щеки. Тест на эпителиоцитах неинвазивный и несопоставимо легче в сборе и фиксации материала. Видимо поэтому имеется достаточное количество публикаций результатов метаанализа сравнений этих тестов, в которых доказывается возможность их взаимозамены. Целью настоящей работы является проверка гипотезы о взаимозаменяемости МТ на лимфоцитах и эпителии слизистой оболочки щеки путем сравнения их эффективности (по наличию/отсутствию эффекта). Мы отбирали публикации из массива данных по оценке любых факторов — от заболеваний до производственных и бытовых вредностей, но только тех, в которых у одних и тех же добровольцев брали и кровь для культивирования, и соскоб эпителия щеки. Исследования с отрицательным ответом на обеих тканях по сравнению с контрольной группой были исключены из рассмотрения. Наш анализ показал, что при оценке 30 различных факторов, воздействующих на человека, положительный результат на обеих тканях был получен для 17 факторов, только на лимфоцитах крови человека — для 7 факторов, и только на эпителии щеки — для 6 факторов. Кроме того, помимо указанных сравнений, в цитируемых статьях проявляются особенности каждого метода и проблемы, связанные с интерпретацией результатов, полученных в каждом из них. Для большей надежности выявления мутагенных факторов в генетико-гигиенических исследованиях представляется целесообразным использовать оба теста.

To identify the mutagenic danger of various factors for humans often use two micronuclear tests - in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultivated with Cytochalasin B and in buccal mucosa epithelial cells. The last test is non-invasive and it is incomparably easier for collection and fixation an epithelial cells. Apparently, therefore, there is a sufficient number of publications of the results of meta-analysis of comparisons of these tests, which prove the possibility of their substitution. The aim of our work is to verify the hypothesis of interchangeability of micronuclei tests (MT) on lymphocytes and epithelium mucosa cells by comparing their effectiveness (presence/absence of effect). We selected publications from an array of data on the assessment of any factors — from diseases to industrial and household hazards, but only those in which the same volunteers were taken both tissues —blood for lymphocytes cultivation and scraping of buccal epithelium. Studies with negative response in both tissues compared to the control population were excluded from consideration. Our analysis showed that in the evaluation of 30 different factors affecting humans, a positive result in both tissues was obtained for 17 factors, only in human blood lymphocytes — for 7 factors, and only in buccal epithelium cells- for 6 factors. In addition to these comparisons, the cited articles show the features of each method and the problems associated with the interpretation of the results obtained in each of them. We concluded that for greater reliability of detection of mutagenic factors in genetic and hygienic studies it is advisable to use both tests.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.