medlitГигиена и санитарияHygiene and Sanitation0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman10.47470/0016-9900-2017-96-3-243-247medlit-778Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENEО НЕКОТОРЫХ МЕДИКО-ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМАХ АВСТРАЛИИSOME HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN AUSTRALIAНикбергИлья ИсаевичNikbergI. I.noemail@neicon.ruСидней, АвстралияAustralia, Sydney201721102020963243247Copyright © Никберг И.И., 20202020Никберг И.И.Nikberg I.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/778

Современные медико-экологические проблемы Австралии обусловлены совокупностью двух основных групп отрицательного воздействия - исходными природно-климатическими факторами и загрязнением окружающей среды. Большая часть Австралии представляет собой пустынно-засушливые местности с низкой озелененностью и дефицитом воды. Основная масса населения живет в крупных городах и сельской местности, прилегающей к морскому побережью. Медико-экологическими проблемами в этих регионах являются загрязнение атмосферного воздуха промышленными предприятиями и автомобильным транспортом, изыскание источников доброкачественной питьевой воды, санитарная охрана почвы, дифференцированный сбор, удаление и обеззараживание отходов. Ведущими экологическими проблемами Австралии являются загрязнение атмосферного воздуха диоксидом углерода и выхлопными газами автотранспорта, предохранение внутренних и прибрежных вод от бытовых и промышленных загрязнений, рационализация системы сбора, удаления и обезвреживания отходов. Вопросам санитарной охраны окружающей среды в Австралии уделяется большое внимание правительства и общественных организаций. Лозунг «Зеленой Австралии - зеленая политика» вышел далеко за рамки межпартийных дискуссий и приобретает всё большую весомость в жизни страны, всех слоев ее населения.

Modern medical and environmental problems caused by the Australian set two main groups of the negative impact -original natural and climatic factors and the environmental pollution. Much of Australia is desert-dry low landscaping and water scarcity. The bulk of the population lives in cities and the countryside surrounding. Medical and environmental problems in these areas are the air pollution due to emissions of industrial enterprises and motor transport, preservation of safe drinking water, sanitary protection of soil, differentiated collection, removal and decontamination of waste. Issues of sanitary protection of the environment in Australia paid a lot of attention of the Government and non-governmental organizations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.