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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2017-96-6-548-551</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-846</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние профессиональных факторов на показатели красной крови доноров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of occupational factors on indices of red blood of donors of the industrial city</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елифанов</surname><given-names>Андрей Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elifanov</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. биол. наук, проф. каф. анатомии и физиологии человека и животных Института биологии Тюменского государственного университета, 625000, Тюмень.</p><p>e-mail: andelwas@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, associate professor, a professor of the Department of Anatomy and Human and Animal Physiology of the Institute of Biology of the Tyumen State University, Tyumen, 625000, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: andelwas@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andelwas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепунова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepunova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковязина</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovyazina</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Тюменский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen state University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>96</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>548</fpage><lpage>551</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Елифанов А.В., Соловьев В.С., Лепунова О.Н., Фролова О.В., Ковязина О.Л., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Елифанов А.В., Соловьев В.С., Лепунова О.Н., Фролова О.В., Ковязина О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Elifanov A.V., Solovyev V.S., Lepunova O.N., Frolova O.V., Kovyazina O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/846">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/846</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема переливания крови тесно связана с уменьшением числа доноров — людей, добровольно сдающих кровь, что особенно актуально для современного промышленного города. Изучено движение донорства на предприятиях с вредными условиями труда в Тюмени. На этих предприятиях с большим числом работающих наблюдается стабильный рост числа желающих сдать кровь, но параллельно с этим увеличивается и количество лиц, получающих отводы. В работе было изучено влияние профессиональных факторов на показатели красной крови (концентрация гемоглобина, количество эритроцитов, СОЭ, гематокрит, цветовой показатель) у доноров с учетом пола и возраста. По результатам обследования 4267 доноров крови в 2011-2014 гг. установлено увеличение числа отведений от донаций в связи с изменением показателей красной крови у работающих на предприятиях с вредными условиями труда. У всех обследованных мужчин и женщин, подвергающихся воздействию вредных факторов производства, выявлено достоверное снижение концентрации гемоглобина и количества эритроцитов. Объективные гематологические наблюдения наряду с субъективными оценками собственного здоровья донорами свидетельствуют о развитии анемического синдрома — одного из основных синдромов свинцовой профессиональной патологии. Необходимо продолжить поиск факторов, обусловливающих увеличение доли отвода доноров вследствие низкой концентрации гемоглобина. Рекомендуются дополнение отраслевой отчетности стратифицированными показателями отвода доноров до донации и разработка алгоритма по реабилитации отведенных доноров. Среди перспективных мероприятий по поддержанию и развитию донорства на предприятиях с вредными условиями труда должны быть разработаны конкретные планы улучшения здоровья, включая специфические средства и условия для оздоровления системы крови.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of blood transfusion is closely associated with a reduction in the number of donors — people donating blood voluntarily, which is especially important for the modern industrial city. There was executed the study of the movement of the donation at the enterprises with harmful working conditions in the city of Tyumen. These enterprises with a large number of workers have the stable gain in persons willing to donate blood, but in parallel, there is increasing the number of persons receiving the allotment. In the work there was investigated an influence of occupational factors on indices (hemoglobin concentration, number of red blood cells, ESR, hematocrit, color index ) of the red blood of donors, with taking into account their gender and age. Results of the survey of 4 267 blood donors in 2011-2014 show an increase in the number of medical counterindications for donations, due to changes in red blood indices in persons, working at enterprises with harmful working conditions. In all examined men and women whose work is associated with harmful occupational factors, there was revealed a significant decline in hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte count. Objective hematologic observations along with subjective assessments of donors of their own health have shown the development of anemic syndrome — one of the main syndromes of lead professional pathology. It is necessary to continue the search for factors contributing to the increase in the share of the withdrawal of donors due to low hemoglobin concentration. It is recommended the supplement of industry reporting with stratified rates of the withdrawal of donors before donation and the development of an algorithm for the rehabilitation of exempted donors. Among the most promising measures for the maintenance and development of the donation at enterprises with harmful working conditions, specific plans for improving health including specific means and conditions for the recovery of the blood system should be developed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>показатели красной крови</kwd><kwd>гемоглобин</kwd><kwd>состояние здоровья работников</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>indices of red blood</kwd><kwd>hemoglobin</kwd><kwd>health of workers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федоров Н.А. Нормальное кроветворение и его регуляция. М.: Медицина; 1976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorov N.A. Normal Hematopoiesis and its Regulation [Normal’noe krovetvorenie i ego regulyatsiya]. Moscow: Meditsina; 1976. 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