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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-5-478-482</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-98</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм генов детоксикации цитохрома Р-450 у подростков в зависимости от степени контаминации организма тяжёлыми металлами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-4695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сетко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Setko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-8672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сетко</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Setko</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-8674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булычева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulycheva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат мед. наук, доц., доц. каф. профилактической медицины ФГБОУ ВО ОрГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>E-mail: e-sosnina@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Preventive Medicine, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, 460000, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: e-sosnina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-sosnina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-0548</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-0318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>478</fpage><lpage>482</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сетко Н.П., Сетко А.Г., Булычева Е.В., Тюрин А.В., Калинина Е.Ю., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сетко Н.П., Сетко А.Г., Булычева Е.В., Тюрин А.В., Калинина Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Setko N.P., Setko A.G., Bulycheva E.V., Tyurin A.V., Kalinina E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/98">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/98</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изменения в организме детей и подростков, направленные на приспособление к химическим факторам окружающей среды, определяются генетическим полиморфизмом в генах биотрансформации ксенобиотиков, обусловливая степень чувствительности детского организма к загрязнителям, что является основой современной персонифицированной профилактической медицины при управлении рисками здоровью детского населения при действии химических факторов окружающей среды.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Для этого в волосах 256 практически здоровых подростков методом атомно-адсорбционной спектрофотометрии определены микроэлементы, включая тяжёлые металлы - свинец и кадмий. В зависимости от уровня содержания последних сформированы две группы подростков для определения шести генов семейства цитохрома Р-450. 1-ю группу составили подростки, у которых содержание свинца и кадмия превышало средние российские показатели; 2-ю группу - подростки, у которых вышеуказанные тяжёлые металлы были на уровне средних российских нормативов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследования показали, что у подростков 1-й группы в сравнении с данными подростков 2-й группы выявлено увеличение количества носителей двух мутантных аллелей по локусу rs 1048943 (ген CYP1A1) в 3,08 раза, по rs 464621 (ген CYP1A1) в 1,8 раза; по локусу rs 2069522 (ген CYP1A2) в 3,63 раза; по локусу rs 1799853 (ген CYP2C9*2) в 4,5 раза; по локосу rs 1057910 (ген CYP2C9*3) в 3,8 раза и по локусу rs 2279343 (ген CYP2B6) в 4,25 раза. При этом носителей двух нормальных аллелей у подростков 1-й группы по локусу rs 1048943 (ген CYP1A1) в 5,14 раза; по локусу rs 2279343 (ген CYP2B6) в 6,5 раза было меньше, чем среди подростков 2-й группы; а по локусу rs 464621 (ген CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (ген CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (ген CYP2C9*2), rs 1057910 (ген CYP2C9*3) носители нормальной гомозиготы отсутствовали.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Подростки 1-й группы с контаминацией организма тяжёлыми металлами являются носителями достоверно в большем количестве патологических мутаций в генах системы детоксикации цитохрома Р-450 в сравнении с данными подростков 2-й группы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжёлые металлы</kwd><kwd>элементный дисбаланс</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>цитохромы Р-450</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heavy metals</kwd><kwd>elemental imbalance</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>cytochromes P450</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hereford J. A quantitative survey of local adaptation and fitness trade-offs. Am Nat. 2009; (5): 579-88. https://doi.org/10.1086/597611</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereford J. A quantitative survey of local adaptation and fitness trade-offs. 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