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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medlit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гигиена и санитария</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygiene and Sanitation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-9900</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2018-97-10-881-886</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medlit-987</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективный анализ данных о распространённости злокачественных новообразований в Республике Бурятия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malignant neoplasms in the Republic of Buryatia: a retrospective analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-2147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>Наталья Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проф., доктор мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаб. эколого-гигиенических исследований ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований».</p><p>e-mail: medecolab@inbox.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, MD, leading researcher of the Laboratory of environmental and hygienic studies of East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.</p><p>e-mail: medecolab@inbox.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medecolab@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-1694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моторов</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motorov</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7685-9004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мыльникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mylnikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-2151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блохин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blokhin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>881</fpage><lpage>886</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ефимова Н.В., Моторов В.Р., Мыльникова И.В., Блохин А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ефимова Н.В., Моторов В.Р., Мыльникова И.В., Блохин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Efimova N.V., Motorov V.R., Mylnikova I.V., Blokhin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/987">https://www.rjhas.ru/jour/article/view/987</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблемы канцерогенной опасности для населения и роста онкологической заболеваемости в крупных городах и промышленных центрах рассматриваются во многих работах. Тем не менее исследования, посвящённые эпидемиологическим и гигиеническим аспектам формирования онкологической патологии в районах Сибири, встречаются редко. </p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проанализированы показатели заболеваемости и смертности населения административных территорий Республики Бурятия (РБ) от злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) в целом и по ведущим локализациям в соответствии с Международной классификацией болезней 10-го пересмотра за 1991–2015 гг. Для снижения неопределённостей анализа, связанных с малочисленностью населения сельских районов РБ, проведён расчёт средних по пятилетним периодам. Для выявления особенностей заболеваемости и смертности населения в РБ использованы методика персентиль-профиля и ГИС-технологии. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Эпидемиологический анализ многолетних показателей заболеваемости и смертности от рака свидетельствует о негативных тенденциях, выявлен рост заболеваемости в 1,5 раза, смертности — в 1,2 раза. Заболеваемость раком органов кроветворения и мочеполовой системы увеличилась в 2,8 раза, эндокринной системы в 2 раза. Чаще всего регистрируются злокачественные новообразования лёгких (33,3‰оо) и желудка (28,1‰оо). «Перцентиль-профиль» и графическое представление результатов на основе ГИС-технологий позволяет выявить зоны риска, связанные не только с высокими, но и аномально низкими уровнями заболеваемости и смертности от ЗНО. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о необходимости проведения дальнейших исследований по выявлению приоритетных факторов канцерогенного риска для планирования и организации специализированной медицинской помощи населению на территориях риска.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The problem of the carcinogenic danger of the gain in cancer incidence in large cities and industrial centers is under consideration, but there are no studies on the epidemiological and hygienic aspects of the prevalence of cancer pathology in the regions of Siberia. </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors were studied as in general as corresponding to the leading localizations in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases for 1991-2015. To reduce the uncertainties of the analysis associated with the small population of the rural areas of the Republic of Buryatia (RB), the average value for five-year periods was calculated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The epidemiological analysis of the long-term morbidity and mortality rate in cancer cases indicates negative trends. The gain in cancer prevalence was revealed to be 1.5 times higher in the RB. The increase of the index value is especially pronounced in the following localizations: blood and hemopoietic organs by 2.8 times, genitourinary system — 2.8 times, endocrine system — 2 times, digestive organs — 1.5 times. Malignant neoplasms of the lungs (33.3 ‰oo of the population) and the stomach (28.1 ‰oo) are most often recorded. Using repeated georeferenced measurements of oncological pathology from the general population in the RB, we identified clusters highlighting a particular structure in the spatial distribution of high and low values of the mortality and incidence rate.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The further direction of research is discussed: a detailed study of the impact of carcinogenic risk factors (industrial, natural and climatic origin, lifestyle) and the organization of medical care for the population in identified areas of risk.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заболеваемость злокачественными новообразованиями</kwd><kwd>смертность от злокачественных новообразований</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологический анализ</kwd><kwd>республика Бурятия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>incidence of malignant tumors</kwd><kwd>mortality from malignant tumors</kwd><kwd>epidemiological analysis</kwd><kwd>the Republic of Buryatia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bergqvist J., Iderberg H., Mesterton J., Henriksson R. 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