Биомаркеры хронического профессионального стресса (обзор литературы)

В работе обобщены результаты современных исследований взаимосвязи хронического профессионального стресса с широким спектром биомаркеров гомеостаза и функционального состояния организма. С позиций диагностической и прогностической значимости нейроэндокринных, нейрофизиологических, иммунных и метаболических биомаркеров хронического профессионального стресса были проанализированы 62 публикации, в наибольшей степени отвечающие цели работы, выбранные из 187 источников научной информации баз данных КиберЛенинка, PubMed и Google scholar. Рассмотрены ключевые гормоны и интермедиаты, лимитирующие баланс и направленность реакций симпатоадреналовой системы, гипоталамо-гипофизарно-адреналовой, гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-тиреоидной осей, а также ряд наиболее значимых показателей иммунной системы, характеризующих соотношение про- и противовоспалительных процессов, возникающих в организме при хроническом воздействии психосоциальных факторов рабочей среды. Определены основные методические проблемы (выбор объекта исследований, отсутствие унифицированных методов, вмешивающиеся факторы), затрудняющие интерпретацию результатов тестирования биомаркеров при хроническом стрессе и внедрение нейроэндокринных и иммунных показателей в клиническую практику. Показано, что полибиомаркерные исследования, основанные на концепции аллостерической нагрузки, открывают новые возможности для превентивного и перспективного управления стрессом на рабочем месте.

Участие авторов:
Безрукова Г.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор материала и написание текста;
Микеров А.Н. — редактирование.
Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила: 11.04.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.06.2022 / Опубликована: 26.06.2022

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