The law of the synergy and hygiene lighting (literature review)
https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-8-780-784
Abstract
The previously formulated laws of light hygiene, which allow analyzing the results of the complex impact of stimuli of different nature on the biological object, should be supplemented by the Q-law and the law of synergy. The analysis of the action of the law of synergy in the melatonin-glutamate system is carried out and the General relations characterizing the effect of the synergy of influences are considered. In violation of the Krebs cycle, glutamate can accumulate in the intercellular space. This is a manifestation of the Q-law effect in the glutamate synthesis system in the “neuron-astrocyte” system, which can not only be synthesized in the presence of glucose but also come from food. Astrocytes are important for the whole system, because they provide nutrition to the nervous tissue, contribute to the emergence and formation of the blood-brain barrier. The blood-brain barrier acts as a kind of vacuum cleaner, absorbing excess glutamate and withdrawing it into the systemic circulation, where it does not have a damaging effect. With an excess of dietary glutamate in the blood, there is a decrease in the efficiency of the blood-brain barrier to maintain the optimal level of synthesized glutamate. The effectiveness of glutamate is influenced by melatonin, which provides protection against neurotoxicity caused by glutamate. A system of subtypes of melatonin receptors in functional structures of the eye, the neurotransmitter of which is glutamate and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), is considered. The effects of the Q-law and the law of synergy are demonstrated on a system in which the stimuli acting on neurons include a dose of light, a dose of melatonin, and a dose of glutamate. The cycle of glutamate in neurons obeys the Q-law, and its total dose is formed from both food and synthesized from glucose in the body of glutamate. The complex effect of the total dose of glutamate and melatonin on the sensitivity of ganglion cells obeys the law of synergy. To maintain the synergy effect in the “spectrum of light-melatonin-glutamate” system, it is necessary to comply with many hygienic requirements for maintaining the optimal glutamate cycle (minimizing the dose of dietary glutamate and sugar consumption), the spectral composition of light and the level of cellular melatonin in mitochondria.
Keywords
About the Authors
Valery A. Kaptsov
All-Russian research Institute of railway hygiene
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
MD, Ph.D. DSci., Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS, Head of the Occupational Hygiene Department of the All-Russian
Research Institute of Railway Hygiene, Moscow, 125438, Russian Federation.
e-mail: kaptsovva39@mail.ru
Vitaly N. Deynego
CJSC “ELTAN”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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For citations:
Kaptsov V.A., Deynego V.N. The law of the synergy and hygiene lighting (literature review). Hygiene and Sanitation. 2020;99(8):780-784. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-8-780-784
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