Incidence of malignant neoplasms at radiation-hazardous facilities

Introduction. Authors present information on the results of social and hygienic monitoring of personnel’s health status at hazardous radiation facilities and the assigned contingent of healthcare institutions of Russia’s FMBA. The main causal patterns of the influence of risk factors on morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms (MNO) among employees of enterprises and the attached contingent of organizations served by healthcare institutions of the FMBA of Russia were revealed.

Material and methods. The object of the study was the data on malignant neoplasms obtained from the Federal State Budgetary Institution FTSITEP FMBA of Russia and the Branch Medical and Dosimetric Register of the A.I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia for 2012-2016.

Comparative data of official medical statistics on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from them in the contingent served by FMBA hospitals, according to the nosological forms of ICD-10 and age groups with similar indices in Russia as a whole, were studied and analyzed (“NMITs Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia).

Results. An increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia’s FMBA for 2012-2016 (328.4-359.6) and the Russian Federation (367.3-408.6) was noted. 9, which is significantly less than the all-Russian indices (201.0–201.6). The annual mortality rate in 2016 was lower in Russia’s FMBA patients (17.7%) than in the Russian Federation (23.3%). The five-year survival rate in Russia’s FMBA was close to that in the Russian Federation (49.9-54.3%.) It was noted that the largest number of cancer cases was observed in the older age groups: 40-59 years: 23.3-26.6%; 60-85 years: 72.2-68.3%, the same as in the Russian Federation.

Conclusion. The research results can become the basis for the development of measures for medical and social rehabilitation of employees of enterprises and organizations served by medical and preventive institutions of the FMBA of Russia and the assigned contingent. In the area of the location of hazardous radiation facilities, constant monitoring and analysis of indicators of cancer incidence, carried out at a personal level using register technologies, is required.

1. Rakhmanin Yu.A., Mikhaylova R.N. Environment and health: priorities for preventive medicine. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2014; 93(5): 5–10. (in Russian)

2. Rakhmanin Yu.A., Novikov S.M., Shashina T.A., Skvortsova N.S. Environment: registration and control of risk factors for health. Metody otsenki sootvetstviya. 2009; (11): 8–10. (in Russian)

3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation №426 «Regulation on socio-hygienic monitoring». Moscow; 2000. (in Russian)

4. Il’in L.A., Shandala N.K., Savkin M.N., Novikova N.Ya. A place and a role of radiation hygienic monitoring in the sociohygienic monitoring system. Gigiena i Sanitaria (Hygiene and Sanitation, Russian journal). 2004; 83(5): 9–15. (in Russian)

5. Biryukov A.P., Vasil’ev E.V., Dumanskiy S.M., Belykh L.N. Information-analytical support for radiation-epidemiological research activities. Meditsinskaya radiologiya i radiatsionnaya bezopasnost’. 2014; 59(6): 34–42. (in Russian)

6. Starodubov V.I., Flek V.O., Matveev E.N., Son I.M., Bant’eva M.N., Leonov S.A. The methodological prerequisites of elaboration of advanced regional patterns of medical care provision to population. Problemy sotsial’noy gigieny, zdravookhraneniya i istorii meditsiny. 2010; (4): 23–8. (in Russian)

7. Koterov A.N., Biryukov A.P. The offspring of liquidators of Chernobyl atomic power station. Accident 1. The estimation of the basic opportunity to register of radiation effects. Meditsinskaya radiologiya i radiatsionnaya bezopasnost’. 2012; 57(1): 58–79. (in Russian)

8. Koterov A.N., Zharkova G.P., Biryukov A.P. Tandem of radiation epidemiology and radiobiology for practice of radiation protection. Meditsinskaya radiologiya i radiatsionnaya bezopasnost’. 2010; 55(4): 55–84. (in Russian)

9. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Biryukov A.P. Gene markers of radiogenic thyroid cancer: relevance search and present state of problem. Radiatsionnaya biologiya. Radioekologiya. 2015; 55(2): 117–35. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0869803115020058 (in Russian)

10. Kaprin AD., Starinsky V.V., Petrova G.V., eds. Malignant Neoplasms in Russia in 2016 (Morbidity and Mortality) [Zlokachestvennye novoobrazovaniya v Rossii v 2016 godu (zabolevaemost’ i smertnost’)]. М.; 2018. (in Russian)

11. Kaprin A.D., Starinskiy V.V., eds. Malignant Neoplasms in Russia. Overview of Statistical Information for 1993–2013 [Obzor statisticheskoy informatsii za 1993–2013 gg.]. Moscow; 2015. (in Russian)

12. Solov’ev V.Yu., Bushmanov A.Yu., Barabanova A.V., Biryukov A.P., Khamidulin T.M. Occupational membership analysis of victims of radiation accidents on the territory of the former USSR. Mediko-biologicheskie i sotsial’no-psikhologicheskie problemy bezopasnosti v chrezvychaynykh situatsiyakh. 2011; (1): 5–9. (in Russian)

13. Shandala N.K., Titov A.V., Kiselev S.M., Seregin V.A, Isaev D.V., Semenova M.P. Monitoring of radiation hygienic situation in the area of the Argun production mining and chemical association. Saratovskiy nauchno-meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2013; 9(4): 824–7. (in Russian)

14. Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia № 420 «On the establishment of the State Cancer Register». Moscow; 1996. (in Russian)

15. Guidelines «Characteristics and methods for calculating medical and statistical indicators in oncology». Moscow; 2014. (in Russian)

16. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation №135 «On improving the System of the State Cancer Register». Moscow; 1999. (in Russian)