Characteristics of the impact of interseasonal and interdiurnal climate on external respiratory function in asthma

Introduction. Asthma remains one of the most widespread diseases, and patients with it are affected by climate factors. We evaluated intensity of external respiratory function’s (ERF) response to the influence of interseasonal and interdiurnal contrast of meteorological factors in asthmatics.

Materials and methods. A total of two hundred seventy two residents of Vladivostok were examined: 160 people in the control group and 112 people with bronchial asthma. Seven climatic meteorological parameters were selected based on Primhydromet data. Weather and climatic conditions were assessed in a short-term lag consideration (synchronous, trace, signal). The method of information-entropy analysis allowed estimating the level of meteorological dependence. The interseasonal integral impact of climatic factors on the nature of the respiratory function response was determined. The intensity of the response was determined using step-by-step regression models.

Results. Calculation of the difference between conditional and unconditional entropy indicated the level of meteorological dependence. In healthy individuals, the maximum level of meteorological dependence was noted in the summer-autumn seasons, in patients - in winter and summer. In transitional seasons, meteorological dependence in patients with bronchial asthma and healthy individuals differs slightly. The level of compensatory ERF response allowed estimating the nature of the compensatory response impairment (in winter - patients) and the increase in ERF reserve capacities (in summer – healthy individuals). The increase in the number of ERF responses indicated to an increase in the compensatory effect typical of healthy individuals. Lag analysis of the responses established the high efficiency of contrast meteorological reactions. Healthy individuals actively respond to signal and synchronous climatic changes, while asthma patients respond to trace changes and, to a lesser extent, to synchronous changes.

Limitations. The study was conducted in Vladivostok, which limits the application of the results to this area and areas with similar climatic conditions.

Conclusion. The climatic conditions of the southern Far East are quite favorable for the health of the region’s population, which has a high health potential for the bronchopulmonary system in the summer-autumn period. Patients with asthma are characterized by weakening of adaptation mechanisms in winter and summer.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Vladivostok’s branch of "Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Breath" – Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Treatment (No. 2/2025 dated March 31, 2025). The study was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki under the conditions of voluntary informed consent.

Contribution:
Veremchuk L.V. – the concept and design of the research, mathematical processing of results, writing the text;
Mineeva E.E. – collecting the material, processing the data;
Vitkina T.I. – literature data analysis, interpretation of the results, writing the text;
Gvozdenko T.A. – editing the manuscript, approval of the manuscript final version, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: April 9, 2025 / Revised: May 12, 2025 / Accepted: December 2, 2025 / Published: March 13, 2026

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