The role of polymorphism the xenobiotic detoxification and antioxidant defense systems genes in the development of occupational dermatoses

Introduction. Dermatoses occupy a significant place in the structure of occupational morbidity of workers in industrial enterprises exposed to xenobiotics. Despite preventive measures and the use of personal protective equipment, the prevalence of pathology among this category of workers remains high. A promising direction for the development of personalized approaches to the prevention of occupational dermatoses is the study of the contribution of genotype to the development of such diseases.

Materials and methods. The study included six hundred sixty employees of the enterprise working in harmful conditions, whose dermatological status was assessed. The group profile of occupational risk was determined using a point assessment. Analysis of the polymorphic state of detoxification and antioxidant protection markers rs9282861 of the SULT1A1 gene (G2663A); rs4880 of the SOD2 gene (C47T); rs1001179 of the CAT gene (G262A); rs12248560 of the CYP2C19*17 gene (C806T); rs1799930, rs1799931, rs1208, rs1799929 of the NAT2 gene was carried out in 122 employees of the enterprise. The relationship between genotypes and combinations of identified alleles with established skin diseases was assessed using the odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) with a log-additive inheritance model. Logistic regression analysis was performed taking into account the sex of the donors. SPSS Statistics v.22 software was used for statistical data processing.

Results. The main unfavorable production factors are chemical factors combined with a heating microclimate. Among female workers of the studied production, the risk of skin diseases was 1.28 times higher than among men. A combination of alleles of the SULT1A1, SOD2, CAT, CYP2 genes was revealed, which increases the risk of developing dermatological pathologies in employees of the enterprise working in harmful working conditions (OR = 9.69; 95% CI: 7.46–11.91). Sexual dimorphism in resistance to harmful production factors associated with polymorphisms rs1799929; rs1799930; rs1799931 of the NAT2 gene was found: men with a fast acetylating phenotype demonstrate higher resistance compared to women.

Limitation. The obtained results need to be confirmed in larger studies.

Conclusion. The obtained data can be used in the development of personalized approaches to the prevention of occupational dermatological pathology, including early identification of risk groups and targeted use of preventive measures.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standard of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” as amended in 2000. The study was approved by the local ethics committee (protocol No. 1 of April 07, 2021). All participants gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.

Contribution:
Gorenskaya O.V. – data and statistical processing, text writing;
Kotnova A.P. – laboratory research;
Ilyushina N.A. – concept of the study, data processing, text writing;
Egorova O.V. – laboratory research, data processing;
Krasavina E.К. – concept of the study, collection and processing of material;
Kryuchkova E.N. – editing, text formatting;
Yatcyna I.V. – concept of the study.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: August 14, 2025 / Accepted: October 15, 2025 / Published: December 19, 2025

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