The methodology of integral evaluation of the influence of environmental factors on the functional state of the respiratory system of healthy individuals and patients with bronchopulmonary pathology

Introduction. The purpose of this work was to develop a methodology for assessing the impact of environmental factors on the functional state of the respiratory organs of healthy individuals and patients with bronchopulmonary pathology living in different natural, climatic and technogenic conditions of the urbanized territory.

Material and methods. The study of the function of respiration was based on the results of a survey of 198 people (for the period from 2008 to 2014), living in various administrative districts of Vladivostok, the largest industrial Far Eastern city. The estimation of atmospheric pollution of the city was carried out according to monitoring data for six stationary observation stations (suspended substances, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur, carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, etc., mg/m³) for the period from 2008 to 2014. Weighed in the air particles of the microsize series were studied by laser granulometry.

Results. In the group of conditionally healthy people, the response of the respiratory system to external action was minimal, and in patients the response was more pronounced. A strong impact on both groups is mediated via the systems “atmospheric pollution by gas components” and “air pollution by suspended particles”. In unfavorable areas of the city the maximum negative influence is exerted by “climatic conditions”, where the integral respiratory response index for external action in the group of patients was 2 times higher than in the control group.

Discussion. We assume that against the background of pollution of the external environment of Vladivostok, the functional state of the respiratory organs of even a healthy person can actively react to changes in climatic conditions. The greatest pathogenic effect of urban pollution on respiratory function is noted in the group of patients. On the basis of the calculation of the index of general environmental pollution, favorable and unfavorable areas of the city have been identified.

Conclusion. The obtained results will allow to implement preventive measures for the population of the urbanized territory.

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