Introduction. The use of new air protection technologies for cleaning industrial emissions requires a comprehensive hygienic assessment, including an analysis of not only the effectiveness of reducing concentrations of regulated pollutants, but also the possible formation of products of their transformation, which may have different physico-chemical and toxicological properties.

Materials and Methods. Organic substances were conducted in the air of production rooms using a chromatographic-mass-spectrometric method at the inlet and outlet of the biofilter, and at the border of the sanitary protection zone of a pet food factory in Stupino, the Moscow Region.

Results. In the air of production premises, one hundred fourteen organic compounds were identified, mainly oxygen-containing compounds (83–97% of the total). At the inlet of the biofilter, 45 compounds were identified with a total concentration of 4.328 mg/m³, and at the outlet, 71 compound were identified with a concentration of 3.558 mg/m³. There was a 5.7-fold decrease in the concentration of alcohols, a 1.4-fold decrease in the concentration of aldehydes, and a 1.9-fold decrease in the concentration of ketones. However, there was a 1.5-fold increase in the concentration of phenols and the appearance of 26 new compounds, including unsaturated hydrocarbons, esters, 1,4-dioxane, nitromethane, and microbial metabolites. At the SPZ border, 40 compounds were identified with a total concentration of 0.146 mg/m³, which did not exceed the hygienic standards. For 33% of the compounds detected at the SPZ border, no hygienic standards have been established. Technology can be considered safe.

Limitations. The study is limited to the use of a method for studying organic compounds with molecular formulas C₅–C₂₀, which does not allow for the assessment of the contribution of more volatile and hardly-volatile components.

Conclusion. Biofiltration reduces the total content of organic pollutants in feed production emissions, but it also involves the transformation of initial substances and the emission of microbial metabolism products. To assess the hygienic safety of environmental technologies, it is necessary to analyze the trend in the complete component composition of pollutants at all stages of treatment. Compounds identified at the SPZ boundary that do not have regulatory requirements require additional study to justify the priority of their control.

Compliance with ethical standards. This study does not require approval by the local ethical committee

Contribution:
Malysheva A.G. – research concept and design, text writing, data collection and processing, editing;
Ushakova O.V. – data processing, text writing, editing;
Starodubova N.Yu. – data processing, text editing;
Evseeva I.S. – text writing, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 16, 2025 / Revised: April 7, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. The Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (KhMAO-Yugra) is the main oil-producing region of Russia. The impact of oil production factors on the health in the population living in these territories remains an urgent problem.

Objective is to compare the rates of prevalence and incidence in the population living in areas with active (group 1) and low oil production (group 2) of KhMAO-Yugra for the period of 2020–2024.

Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted using data from statistical collections “Health of the population of KhMAO-Yugra”. Morbidity rates (per 100,000 population) were analyzed in children (0–14 years) and adults (18 years and older). The territories were divided into two groups based on official data on oil production volumes.

Results. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups. In children from group 1, higher levels of prevalence were recorded for diseases of the blood (p=0.013), circulatory system (p<0.001), and congenital anomalies (p=0.004), as well as higher incidence for congenital anomalies (p=0.022). In adults from group 1, only prevalence of blood diseases was significantly higher (p<0.001). For most other classes (neoplasms, endocrine system diseases, respiratory diseases), higher rates were observed in group 2 (p<0.05). A detailed analysis of the subsoil use structure showed group 2 to include territories with long-term gas production, extraction of solid minerals, and old oil fields, which forms a combined technogenic load.

Limitations of the study are associated with the selection of a single region for assessing morbidity rates, restriction to two age cohorts, and the failure to for factors such as population migration activity, socioeconomic status, occupational hazards (work in the oil and gas industry), smoking, and other behavioral risks, as well as the ability to provide medical care in terms of quality and accessibility.

Conclusion. Residing in areas of active oil production is associated with increased morbidity rates for classes etiologically linked to ecotoxicants, which requires an in-depth study of risk factors.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of a biomedical ethics committee report or other relevant documents.

Contributions:
Ibragimova S.Sh. – research concept and design, data collection and processing, text writing, editing;
Ushakova O.V. – research concept and design, text writing, editing;
Evseeva I.S. – data collection and processing, text writing, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Funding. The study was performed within the framework of the state assignment and dissertations.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: April 2, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. The inherent limitations of conventional water quality and safety monitoring for public drinking water supplies underscore the urgent need for “in vitro” cellular models. Such models provide a robust framework for the rapid screening and identification of chemical contaminants in water samples.

The purpose of the work is to substantiate, based on the results of experimental modeling, the possibility of using the HuTu 80 human cell culture to detect chemical contamination of water sources for household and drinking water use by the population.

Materials and methods. The quality and safety of drinking water sources were assessed using an expanded set of forty five sanitary-chemical indicators, including the mandatory minimum (MR 2.1.4.0176–20), in compliance with the regulatory standards established in SanPiN 1.2.3685–21. The response of the HuTu 80 cell line to water samples was assessed by monitoring changes in mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity following a 48-hour exposure period.

Results. 5 out of 10 water samples exerted an adverse impact on the HuTu 80 cell line, although only two samples showed concentrations of chemical substances (magnesium, sodium, lithium ions, as well as chlorides and sulfates) exceeding established regulatory limits. Experimental modeling of the native water composition for the first time demonstrated that metabolic inhibition could be attributed to the presence of magnesium, sulfate, and lithium ions at concentrations both above and below their respective maximum permissible levels. Furthermore, the combined effect of these inorganic ions induced a more pronounced shift in metabolic activity compared to the influence of each individual component.

Limitations. The present study is limited by the requirement for specialized equipment and precision analytical instruments, a relatively small sample size, and the necessity to account for microbiological factors.

Conclusions. The results of the study on native water samples and experimental modeling of their composition demonstrated the potential of using the HuTu 80 cell culture to detect chemical pollution in drinking water sources when maximum permissible concentrations for individual sanitary-chemical indicators are exceeded.

Compliance with ethical standards. Study approval was provided by the Local Ethics Committee of the Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the FBSI «FSC Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies (meeting protocol No. 18 dated SSeptember 1 2022) and was conducted in accordance with the generally accepted scientific principles of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (2013 revision).

Contribution:
Kuzyanov D.A. – concept and design of the study, material collection, statistical data processing, manuscript writing;
Moiseeva E.M. – material collection and processing, manuscript writing;
Mikerov A.N. – editing, approval of the final manuscript version;
Erdniev L.P. – editing;
Lutcevich I.N. – editing, approval of the final manuscript version.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: March 24, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. The increasing demand for laundry services in various regions presents challenges in managing wastewater generated by the laundry industry. Wastewater from laundry operations contains pollutant levels that can cause environmental pollution if not properly treated. Two key parameters found in laundry wastewater are Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).

Objective – to identify and analyze research findings related to the use of natural filtration combinations in environmentally friendly and sustainable laundry wastewater treatment.

Materials and methods. This research is a literature review using secondary data from articles published in the Springer Link (n = 64), ProQuest (n = 91), and Google Scholar (n = 49) databases over the past ten years and relevant to the topic. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied during the article selection process. A total of 204 articles were initially identified based on the search terms, and 200 articles were excluded based on the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 4 articles for narrative synthesis.

Results. The analysis revealed that combinations of natural filtration media, including activated charcoal, zeolite, and other supplementary materials such as silica sand and gravel, exhibited considerable efficacy in reducing BOD and COD concentrations in laundry wastewater. The pollutant removal efficiency ranged from 20% to 85.67% for BOD, while COD reduction reached up to 87.80%, depending on the composition and ratio of the filtration materials used. These results indicate that the proper selection and combination of filtration media significantly influence the final quality of the treated wastewater.

Limitations. The limited number of reviewed articles and differences in filtration material composition and treatment parameters may affect the comparability of the findings.

Conclusion. Natural filtration combinations demonstrate potential as environmentally friendly and sustainable methods for laundry wastewater treatment. The use of activated charcoal, zeolite, silica sand, and gravel contributes to the reduction of BOD and COD levels, while the effectiveness of treatment depends on the composition and ratio of filtration materials applied.

Contribution:
Ulfah N.H. – concept of the study, supervision, editing;
Adi S. – validation, supervision;
Humairo M.V. – data curation, supervision;
Abidin M.N.N. – data collection, visualization;
Fadilah A.N. – data analize, writing text;
Surach A. – conceptual advice.
All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by State University of Malang throughout the course of this research. The facilities, academic environment, and resources offered by the institution played a vital role in the successful completion of this study.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: December 9, 2025 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Climate is a key element, a matrix for the successful existence of life on Earth. Its current change with the general warming of the Earth’s surface and widely recorded extreme deviations of natural and climatic conditions from typical long-term values is one of the main threats to humanity in the 21^st century. The human body is susceptible to global warming, and therefore the reality of the growth of health problems caused by it, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cannot be ignored. The number of CVDs continues to grow steadily, and CVDs remain the main component of overall morbidity and mortality in the population on a global scale.

The study’s material was based on methodological documents on social and hygienic monitoring (SHM) and scientific reports that analyze the links between cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart rhythm disturbances) and climate factors such as extremely both high and low atmospheric air temperatures, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed associated with global warming.

Literature search methods: according to the CyberLeninka and PubMed databases, selective, analytical and typological.

The limitations of the research are related to the lack of scientific literature containing information on the results of the SHM of climatic factors in relation to the prevention of the gain in cardiac morbidity in the population associated with climate warming.

Conclusion. In modern conditions, the importance of the SGM of natural and climatic factors for assessing and interpreting their impact on the state of the cardiovascular system is increasing, as such data facilitates the adoption of measures to protect patients with weather-dependent cardiovascular diseases from the adverse effects of meteorological factors. These measures include the creation and development of medical forecast systems for adverse weather conditions, informing patients with cardiovascular diseases about the availability of such forecasts, early warning of approaching abnormal heat, and a personalized approach to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular complications taking into account weather dependence. These measures are aimed at preventing the adverse impact of global warming on cardiovascular morbidity in the Russian Federation.

Contribution: the authors made equal contributions to the development of the concept and design of the study, collection and analysis of material, writing the text and editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: July 17, 2025 / Revised: March 19, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the importance and insufficient study of the health risks of exposure to rare earth elements (REE) and the likelihood of REE triggering immunogenetic mechanisms of vascular aging.

Materials and methods. The observation group included fifty three employees of the main production who were exposed to REE. Workplace air was found to contain lanthanum, 0.00028–0.0039 mg/m³; praseodymium, 0.000044–0.00070 mg/m³, terbium, <0.000007 mg/m³; yttrium, <0.00001 mg/m³. The reference group consisted of 64 administrative workers who did not come into contact with REE. The study involved using the allergosorbent test, flow cytometry, ELISA, and PCR. Statistical data analysis was performed with Statistica 10.0. Data analysis included the Student’s t-test, R², RR, OR, and 95% CI; the significance of intergroup differences was taken at p<0.05.

Results. In the observation group, elevated REE levels detected in the workers’ blood (1.46–1.87 times; p<0.05), was associated with an increase in CD277⁺-lymphocyte expression (R²=0.53–0.89; p<0.05) and higher OR of IgG hyperproduction to lanthanides and TNF-α (OR=2.38–7.71). Significant differences were found in the polymorphism of the AGT Thr174Met (CT; OR=2.96, CI=1.33–6.59) and ApoE Cys130Arg (TC; OR=9.07, CI=1.93–42.67) genes.

Limitations. Limited sampling of the main group of workers; limited number of modern reports concerning the assessment of immune mechanisms of vascular aging associated with exposure to REE.

Conclusion. Exposure to REE in main production workers is accompanied by increased levels of butyrophilin, lanthanide IgG, and an increased relative risk of developing disorders associated with single-nucleotide polymorphism of angiotensinogen and apolipoprotein vascular aging genes (RR=2.07–7.25). The identified immunological and genetic indicators can be recommended for early diagnosis and prevention of work-related diseases involving implementation of immunological pathways of early vascular aging under exposure to REE.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol and design were approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies on March 13, 2024 (Protocol No. 2).

Contribution:
Zaitseva N.V. – study concept and design;
Chelakova Yu.A. – data collection and analysis, writing and editing the text; study concept and design;
Dolgikh O.V. – editing the text.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: February 25, 2026 / Revised: April 16, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. The results of epidemiological studies indicate to a high prevalence of occupational interstitial lung diseases (ILD), necessitating the improvement of respiratory rehabilitation programs. Physical training is a priority area of rehabilitation; however, evaluating its effectiveness requires investigating the trend in clinical and functional parameters in patients.

Objective. To comprehensively assess the rehabilitation efficacy of physical training in patients with occupational ILD.

Materials and methods. The study included thirty five men with pneumoconiosis. A course of aerobic physical training was conducted with workload dosing according to the Karvonen formula. Anthropometry, bioimpedance analysis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, spirometry, the 6-minute walk test, oxygen saturation, dyspnea according to the Borg scale, and psychological status assessed by the SAN (Well-being, Activity, Mood) questionnaire were evaluated.

Results. A decrease in body mass index was observed alongside an increase in relative skeletal muscle mass, an increase in basal metabolic rate, and positive changes in the lipid profile. Improvement in the patients’ functional capacity was reflected in an increased distance on the 6-minute walk test, reduced dyspnea, and improved psychological status.

Limitations. The study considered only short-term effects of aerobic training, without analyzing long-term outcomes (frequency of exacerbations, hospitalizations, survival).

Conclusion. Aerobic training in patients with pneumoconiosis improves exercise tolerance, reduces dyspnea, and optimizes metabolic status and psycho-emotional wellbeing.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in compliance with ethical standards, approved at a meeting of the Local Ethics Committee of the F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene (Protocol No. 6 dated July 22, 2023), and conducted in accordance with the generally accepted scientific principles of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki. Voluntary informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Contributions:
Sheenkova M.V. — study concept and design, literature review, data collection and statistical processing, manuscript writing, discussion of results, statistical analysis, editing;
Yatsyna I.V. — study concept and design, discussion of results, editing;
Savicheva N.M. — collection of literature data, statistical analysis, text writing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: April 3, 2026 / Revised: April 10, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. Work-related musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is highly prevalent in surgeons and may reduce work capacity. Identifying clinical markers of pain severity and modifiable factors is important for prevention.

Objective. To assess associations between clinical and anamnestic characteristics affecting intraoperative performance and a high frequency of MSP episodes in surgeons.

Materials and methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in one hundred two surgeons. Pain frequency was dichotomized into low (rare/sometimes) and high (often/constant). The analysis included medical consultation due to pain, intraoperative pauses caused by pain, pain intensity on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), history of musculoskeletal injuries, and physical activity. Independent associations were assessed using Firth’s penalized logistic regression.

Results. High pain frequency was associated with medical consultation (OR = 7.98; 95% CI: 2.50–25.47; p < 0.001), frequent/constant intraoperative pauses (OR = 31.19; 95% CI: 4.31–226.01; p < 0.001), NRS pain intensity ≥ 4 (OR = 3.19; 95% CI: 1.04–9.75; p = 0.042), and previous musculoskeletal injuries (OR = 4.94; 95% CI: 1.03–23.63; p = 0.046). Physical activity ≥ once per week showed a negative association with high pain frequency (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08–0.90; p = 0.034).

Limitations. The interpretation of the results should consider the study limitations. The cross-sectional design does not allow causal inferences to be established. The relatively small sample size resulted in wide confidence intervals for some odds ratio estimates.

Conclusion. High-frequency MSP among surgeons was associated with clinical markers of pain severity affecting intraoperative performance, a history of musculoskeletal injuries, and a modifiable factor – lack of regular physical activity.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 3 dated 24/03/2025). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (as amended in 2013). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Contribution:
Budaev A.E. – study concept and design, data collection and processing, statistical analysis, writing text, editing;
Lakhman O.L. – study concept and design, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study was supported by institutional funding allocated for the state assignment of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Received: February 2, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. Metallurgical coke production is a source of environmental pollution with harmful inorganic and organic substances possessing of specific effects on the human body. The relevance of this study is determined by the lack of information in the available literature on the working conditions of workers in by-product coke production facilities, taking into account the combined effects of harmful substances acting in the same direction.

The aim of the study. To assess health effects of combined occupational exposures to harmful chemicals in coke workers and develop measures to ensure chemical safety in the workplace.

Materials and methods. We have analyzed the results of coke oven shop workplace air testing for chemicals having acute, carcinogenic, reprotoxic, and fibrogenic health effects in workers. For the substances with a similar mechanism of action, we calculated summation coefficients to classify working conditions as harmful in terms of chemical risk.

Results. The workplace air in coke production is contaminated with a multicomponent mixture comprising chemicals of different hazard classes and mechanisms of action, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, benzene, benzo[a]pyrene, coke and coal dust, and hydroxybenzene. The chemical factor was assessed with account for possible additive effects of the combinations of pollutants acting similarly. When the summation coefficient was taken into account, the class of working conditions increased by 1 to 2 degrees of harmfulness due to chemical risk. Working under such conditions can pose a high potential risk of occupational diseases. Realized risks are associated with exposure to fibrous aerosols and carcinogens.

Limitations. The study was conducted within one coking plant utilizing dry coal distillation technology. Additional studies based on larger samples could identify other important factors affecting workers’ health and allow for risk accounting for workers at similar facilities.

Conclusion. The use of the summation coefficient for harmful chemicals having similar modes of action when assessing working conditions provides an objective description of the occupational setting, helps to assess work-related health risks to metallurgical coke workers and develop a set of health and safety measures to mitigate them.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require ethics approval. No personal data were used in the research.

Contribution:
Drugova O.G. – data collection and analysis, manuscript preparation, editing;
Fedoruk A.A. – study conception and design, manuscript preparation, editing;
Mikushina N.A. – data collection and analysis;
Karimova L.K. – study conception and design, editing;
Muldasheva N.A. – manuscript preparation;
Beigul N.A. – manuscript preparation;
Plotko E.G. – editing;
Shabardina L.V. – data collection and analysis.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: July 9, 2025 / Revised: April 9, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. In the context of global aging, working pensioners represent a valuable labor resource. This study evaluates work ability and analyzes associated factors among 60–74 years residents of Arkhangelsk.

Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study of a random sample (n=550) was conducted in 2023. Work ability was defined as self-reported employment or ability to work. Six groups of factors were assessed: socio-demographic (age, gender, education, financial status, marital status), behavioral (smoking, alcohol consumption), somatic (presence of chronic diseases), functional (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), grip strength), sensory (vision, hearing), cognitive-psychological (MoCA test, Beck test). Sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and education was used to evaluate factors associated with work ability.

Results. Of the total participants, 73.5% were classified as able to work, and 33.1% were employed. Each additional SPPB point increased the odds of maintaining work ability by 24% in women (odds ratio [OR] 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.49) and 49% in men (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.15–1.94). In women, a higher in grip strength (kg) was also associated with work ability (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02–1.13). Financial difficulties in women (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.25–0.74) and anemia in men (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.09–0.95) were associated with reduced odds of work ability. Other factors showed no statistically significant associations.

Limitations. Cross-sectional design and self-report assessment of work ability.

Conclusion. Two-thirds of Arkhangelsk residents maintain work ability at 60–74 years. Work ability in older age is primarily determined by preservation of physical functioning abilities for both genders. Programs for maintaining and improving physical fitness in older adults may contribute to extending working careers and active longevity.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Protocol No. 03/04-23 dated 26/04/2023).

Contribution:
Mitkin N.A. – data collection and processing, writing text, editing;
Moiseeva A.A. – data collection and processing, writing text, editing;
Bulygina L.P. – data processing, writing text;
Zelentsov R.N. – data collection and processing, editing;
Poskotinova L.V. – study concept and design, data collection, editing;
Bebyakova N.A. – study concept and design, data collection, editing;
Krivonogova E.V. – data collection, editing;
Krivonogova O.V. – data collection, editing;
Kudryavtsev A.V. – study concept and design, data collection and processing, writing text, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study was supported by a grant of Russian Science Foundation No. 23-15-20017, https://rscf.ru/project/23-15-20017/.

Received: July 7, 2025 / Revised: March 11, 2026 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Inflammation, the key regulators of which are cytokines, is a universal pathogenetic process underlying the development of occupational diseases. Genetic variability in inflammatory response genes determines predisposition of the body to adverse effects of hazards and the disease onset. Gene polymorphisms are considered as biomarkers of susceptibility for identifying risk groups among workers, laying the foundation for personalized disease prevention and pharmacogenetics. In this regard, it is necessary to systematize and analyze research data on the role of polymorphisms of key inflammatory response genes in the formation of individual predisposition to the development of occupational and work-related diseases.

We searched for relevant reports in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY, and CyberLeninka databases using the following keywords: occupational diseases, inflammatory response genes, interleukins, TNF-α, and polymorphisms, and selected forty nine scientific papers for the review. Most studies on the influence of inflammatory response gene polymorphisms were found for occupational respiratory and skin diseases. Promising biomarkers for these disorders include TNF-α gene polymorphisms (rs1800629, rs361525); the A allele and AA genotype are associated with the development of pneumoconiosis, silicosis, asbestosis, and occupational dermatitis. Polymorphisms of the IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-6 genes have also been reported to play a role in the development of occupational diseases. However, the alleles and genotypes associated with the risk or protection from occupational diseases vary depending on ethnic characteristics and pre-existing non-occupational conditions.

Conclusions. Polymorphisms of inflammatory response genes make a significant contribution to individual susceptibility to occupational diseases, particularly those affecting the lungs and skin. Their role has been best documented for polymorphisms of the TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-6 genes. However, further large-scale and functional studies taking into account the gene–environment interplay, population characteristics, and phenotype standardization are needed to implement genetic markers in clinical practice.

Contribution:
Kikot A.M., Shaikhova D.R., Bereza I.A. – literature review on the topic and draft manuscript preparation;
Sutunkova M.P. – study conception and design, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: March 12, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. Due to the insufficient consideration of regional characteristics in current regulations, the study of polymorphisms of the VDR and FTO genes (vitamin D metabolism and fat metabolism) is relevant for the development of personalized bioprophylaxis in children in the North.

Materials and methods. The study enrolled one hundred fifty five children aged of 5–11 years living in Khanty-Mansiysk. Their examination included height and weight measurements taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI) and assessment of the dental health status using the DMFT index that determines the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, taking into account signs of enamel hypoplasia. Polymorphisms of the FTO (rs9939609) and VDR (rs2228570) genes were determined using real-time PCR. To evaluate associations, we used allelic, dominant, recessive, and codominant models. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.

Results. We found no significant associations between FTO and VDR gene polymorphisms and BMI. However, within the dominant model for the FTO gene, we observed a trend toward higher BMI values in carriers of the TA and AA genotypes (p=0.055). At the same time, a positive correlation was established between the presence of the G allele of the VDR gene (rs2228570) and poor dental health status, as assessed by the combined index.

Limitations. This study is limited by its cross-sectional design, both sample size and regional affiliation, and the analysis of two gene polymorphisms irrespective of the full range of genetic and environmental factors.

Conclusion. Significant associations between FTO and VDR gene polymorphisms and clinical parameters were identified in children in the northern region of Russia. The G allele of the VDR gene (rs2228570) is a risk factor for dental caries. The obtained results serve as a basis for the development of personalized bioprophylaxis.

Compliance with ethical standards. This study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (Protocol № 3a from June 12, 2023). All legal representatives of the minor participants provided informed, voluntary written consent to participate in the study.

Contribution:
Bateneva V.A. – data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation;
Sutunkova M.P. – study conception and design, scientific consulting and editing;
Shabardina L.V., Shaikhova D.R., Kikot A.M., Nikogosyan K.M., Soloboewa Yu.I. – data collection and processing;
Maizel S.G. – study conception.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: March 10, 2026 / Revised: April 10, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. Taking into account key activities of federal project «Health for Everyone», preservation of children’s health is of particular importance.

Aim is to assess the state of actual nutrition in school-age children living in territory of small indigenous peoples of Siberia.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted among children living in Okinsky district of Republic of Buryatia. Assessment of actual nutrition was carried out by questionnaire, processing of results using software. Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05.

Results. Assessment of optimality of proportion of macronutrients in structure of energy value in children’s diets showed that proportion of protein corresponds to norm, with exception of diets in 11–14 years girls with a low body mass index (BMI). There is a deficiency in the share of carbohydrates in the Energy Value (EV) with a surplus in the share of fats, saturated fatty acids, omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and added sugar. In the lipid profile of children’s diets, the optimal proportion of PUFAs in EV is noted with an imbalance in the ratio of ≥ 3 and ≥ 6 PUFAs.

Limitations. Since information was obtained during a one-time examination, this does not allow to unambiguously prove causality of causes of overweight and obesity, most of which are multifactorial in nature.

Conclusion. The identified features of actual nutrition in children require coordinated work of an interdisciplinary team of experts to find an adequate solution in formation of optimal nutrition.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study complied with the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki (current version). Prior to conducting the study, approval was obtained from the Bioethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 2 dated June 11, 2024).

Contribution:
Bogdanova O.G. – concept and design of the study, collection of material, analysis and interpretation of data, writing and editing of the text;
Urbanova E.Z. – organization of the study, collecting material, statistical data processing, writing the primary version of the text;
Mylnikova I.V. – study design, text editing;
Mokhosoeva A.A. – collecting material, statistical data processing.
All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgments. The authors express their gratitude: for the opportunity to conduct the study, the director of the Orlik Secondary School B.D. Sharastepanov, the teaching staff of the school and all participants in the study.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 25-25-00092, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-00092/

Received: July 7, 2025/ Revised: March 11, 2026 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

Introduction. Some heavy metals, such as lead and its compounds, can cause health problems not only in the exposed individuals but also in subsequent generations. Research on the development and experimental testing of bioprophylactic complexes containing components with protective properties has demonstrated high efficacy. It remains unclear, however, whether measures of biological prophylaxis cannot only enhance the resistance of individuals exposed to lead but also mitigate long-term consequences of this exposure in their offspring.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioprophylaxis of late neurotoxic effects of subchronic exposure to lead acetate in adult rats and their offspring.

Materials and methods. Lead acetate was administered orally to 4-month-old albino rats of both sexes for 45 days in the dose of 85,6 mg/kg b.w. Some animals also received a bioprophylactic complex (BPC) containing pectin, multivitamin and mineral supplements, amino acids (glutamic acid, glycine, and cysteine), iodine, iron, and calcium supplements, and fish oil rich with omega-3 fatty acids. We equally divided ninety six adult rats (F0) into four groups: the control group, the lead acetate exposure group, the group exposed to lead acetate and receiving the BPC, and the group administered the BPC only. After breastfeeding cessation, 96 pups (F1) were randomly selected from the total number of newborn rats to evaluate long-term toxic effects of lead and BPC efficacy.

Results. We observed a decrease in lead concentrations in the mammary glands of the F0 rats receiving BPC. Pathological behavioral changes were detected in the offspring of the exposed rats despite the absence of direct exposure. The components of the protective complex reduced the severity of the late neurotoxic effects of lead in F1 rats.

Limitations. Rats were neither exposed to lead acetate nor administered the bioprophylactic complex during mating, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Sex-specific toxic effects in the parents and offspring were not assessed either.

Conclusion. Our findings are the first to demonstrate the ability of bioprophylactic measures to not only increase resistance but also reduce the severity of long-term neurotoxic effects. These properties of bioprophylaxis open new opportunities for managing human health risks and reducing the burden of environmental diseases and disorders in future generations.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol of February 3, 2025).

Contributions:
Sutunkova M.P. — study design, editing;
Nikogosyan K.M. — data collection and processing, draft manuscript preparation, editing;
Bateneva V.A. — data analysis, editing;
Minigalieva I.A. — study conception, editing;
Shtin T.N. — data collection.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: March 3, 2026 / Revised: April 24, 2026 / Accepted: May 20, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

The article is devoted to the 130^th anniversary of the birth of Academician F.G. Krotkov, the founder of Russian military and radiation hygiene, who was born in the Ryazan Region. The article analyzes Krotkov’s contribution to ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing in the troops during the Great Patriotic War, as well as his role in creating the country’s radiation safety system during the implementation of the “atomic project.” The study is based on an analysis of Krotkov’s scientific legacy, his managerial activities, and international experience at the World Health Organization. The relevance of F.G. Krotkov’s methodological approaches for solving modern problems of preventive medicine and protecting the population from technogenic challenges is emphasized.

Contribution:
Kuzmin S.V. – article concept and preparation;
Rakitskii V.N. – the concept and design of the study, editing;
Kiryushin V.A. – the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material and writing a text;
Stolyarov I.A. – the concept and design of the study, writing a text.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: March 3, 2026 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

The Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) is a federal executive authority responsible for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare and consumer rights protection. Young scientists and specialists from Rospotrebnadzor make a significant contribution to the implementation of current tasks and promising developments. The management, coordination, training, and mutual assistance of young specialists are provided by the Councils of young scientists, the Councils of young specialists of Rospotrebnadzor institutions, the united Councils of young scientists and specialists (CYSS) (hereinafter Councils), as well as the CYSS of Rospotrebnadzor, operating throughout the country. Young scientists and specialists of Rospotrebnadzor are actively involved in the implementation of the most important tasks related to ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population. They are involved in research activities, the development of regulatory, managerial, and methodological documents, methods for determining chemical substances in air, water, soil, food products, and biological media of the body, the development of diagnostic and preventive systems for diseases, as well as the implementation of anti-epidemic and sanitary-hygienic measures, including the monitoring of particularly dangerous infections and the prevention of their spread in the Russian Federation. Significant attention is paid to working with young personnel and mentoring.

Goal. The main goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role and contribution of young scientists and specialists, as well as the Councils of Rospotrebnadzor, in the context of solving the assigned tasks. The work is also aimed at identifying the potential for further development of the human and scientific reserve as a key element in strengthening the national system of sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing.

The analysis is based on data on the professional activities of young scientists and specialists at Rospotrebnadzor institutions, as well as information on the work of the Councils and CYSS of Rospotrebnadzor.

Young scientists and specialists of Rospotrebnadzor are actively involved in the implementation of the most important tasks related to ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population. They are involved in research activities, the development of regulatory, managerial, and methodological documents, methods for determining chemical substances in air, water, soil, food products, and biological media of the body, the development of diagnostic and preventive systems for diseases, as well as the implementation of anti-epidemic and sanitary-hygienic measures, including the monitoring of particularly dangerous infections and the prevention of their spread in the Russian Federation. Significant attention is paid to working with young personnel and mentoring.

Conclusion. Young scientists and specialists make a significant contribution to the implementation of practical and research tasks facing Rospotrebnadzor. The councils of young scientists and the joint CYSS of Rospotrebnadzor promote professional development, coordination, exchange of experience, and communication among scientific youth, which makes it possible to create a friendly and competent team of specialists throughout the country.

Contribution of the authors:
Prislegina D.A., Chernikova E.F. – collecting and processing material, writing text, editing;
Melentiev A.V. – concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version, responsibility for the integrity of all parts.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: August 25, 2025 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026

The article is devoted to the professional activities of the Doctor (Medicine), associate professor K.N. Chelikanov, talented hygiene scientist, teacher, manager of the Department of communal hygiene, first dean of the Sanitary and Hygienic Faculty at the Ryazan Medical Institute named after Academician I.P. Pavlov.

Contributions:
Kiryushin V.A. – study concept, editing;
Dmitrieva O.V. – study concept and design, material collection and data processing, writing, editing.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 30, 2025 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026